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R12    FORMING NEGATIVES                                                                                       R13    CONTRACTIONS



                      TENSE                    POSITIVE STATEMENT              NEGATIVE STATEMENT                        PRONOUN         “BE”            “WILL”         “WOULD”           “HAVE”            “HAD”

          Present simple with “be”
          Present simple with other verbs

          Present continuous
          Past simple with “be”

          Past simple with other verbs

          Past continuous
          Present perfect simple

          Present perfect continuous
          Past perfect simple

          Past perfect continuous
          Future with “going to”                                                                                            VERB AND “NOT”          CONTRACTION              MODAL VERB AND “HAVE”      CONTRACTION

          Future with “will”

          Future continuous
          Future perfect simple

          Future perfect continuous



                                                                                                                                                                              COMMON MISTAKES CONTRACTIONS
                   MODAL VERB                  POSITIVE STATEMENT              NEGATIVE STATEMENT
                                                                                                                                                                          These contractions are often spelled incorrectly
                                                                                                                                                                          because they look and sound very similar to other
                                                                                                                                                                          words. Contracted forms always use an apostrophe.


















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   330-349_Reference.indd   336                                                                      26/07/2016   12:42  330-349_Reference.indd   337                                                              08/08/2016   16:30
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