Page 334 - Nidalist

R4 PRESENT TENSES R6 PAST TENSES

The present simple is used to make simple statements of fact, to talk about things The past simple describes single, completed actions in the past.
that happen repeatedly, and to describe things that are always true. It is the most commonly used past tense in English.
SUBJECT VERB REST OF SENTENCE SUBJECT VERB REST OF SENTENCE

The past continuous is used in English to talk about actions or events that were ongoing
The present continuous is used to talk about ongoing actions that are happening at some time in the past. It is formed with “was” or “were” and a present participle.
in or around the present moment. It is formed with “be” and a present participle.
SUBJECT “BE” PRESENT PARTICIPLE REST OF SENTENCE
SUBJECT “BE” PRESENT PARTICIPLE REST OF SENTENCE

R7 PRESENT PERFECT TENSES
The present perfect simple is used to talk about events in the past that still have
R5 THE IMPERATIVE an effect on the present moment. It is formed with “have” and a past participle.
SUBJECT “HAVE / HAS” PAST PARTICIPLE REST OF SENTENCE
Imperatives are used to give commands or to make requests.
They are formed using the base form of the verb.

VERB REST OF SENTENCE

The present perfect continuous describes an activity that took place over a period of time
“DON’T” VERB REST OF SENTENCE in the recent past. The activity might just have stopped or might still be happening.

SUBJECT “HAVE / HAS” “BEEN” PRESENT PARTICIPLE REST OF SENTENCE

Add “do not” or “don’t” to
make an imperative negative.

332 333

330-349_Reference.indd 332 26/07/2016 12:42 330-349_Reference.indd 333 26/07/2016 12:42