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R6     PAST TENSES

        The past simple describes single, completed actions in the past.
        It is the most commonly used past tense in English.
                   SUBJECT                VERB                REST OF SENTENCE









        The past continuous is used in English to talk about actions or events that were ongoing
        at some time in the past. It is formed with “was” or “were” and a present participle.

                   SUBJECT               “BE”         PRESENT PARTICIPLE        REST OF SENTENCE











         R7     PRESENT PERFECT TENSES
        The present perfect simple is used to talk about events in the past that still have
        an effect on the present moment. It is formed with “have” and a past participle.

                     SUBJECT               “HAVE / HAS”      PAST PARTICIPLE      REST OF SENTENCE











        The present perfect continuous describes an activity that took place over a period of time
        in the recent past. The activity might just have stopped or might still be happening.

                   SUBJECT             “HAVE / HAS”     “BEEN”       PRESENT PARTICIPLE  REST OF SENTENCE















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