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THE PRESENT PERFECT PASSIVE                                                                                    THE PAST PERFECT PASSIVE
         The present perfect passive is used to talk about events in                                                    The past perfect passive is used to refer to events
         the past that still have an effect on the present moment.                                                      that happened before another event in the past.
                                             PRESENT PERFECT






                                                             PRESENT PERFECT PASSIVE                                                                                                 PAST PERFECT PASSIVE
                                                                                                                                  PAST PERFECT









         FURTHER EXAMPLES                                                                                               FURTHER EXAMPLES














                   The subject and verb swap
                   places to form questions.












         HOW TO FORM                                                                                                    HOW TO FORM

              SUBJECT                “HAS / HAVE”                “BEEN”                  PAST PARTICIPLE                                 SUBJECT                 "HAD BEEN"               PAST PARTICIPLE






                      The thing that            “Been” stays the same no     The main verb is expressed                         The thing that         “Had been” stays the    The main verb is expressed
                      receives the action.     matter what the subject is.    as a past participle.                          receives the action.    same with any subject.         as a past participle.

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   068-071_Unit_25_The_Passive_in_the_Past.indd   70                                                 21/07/2016   12:27  068-071_Unit_25_The_Passive_in_the_Past.indd   71                                         21/07/2016   12:27
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