Page 71 - Microsoft Word - مذكرة القواعد للمرحلة الثانوية

.لاR"
5d P
, P وGا
6< ا نD 5% Not only ـ
1أ. اذإ
- Not only did we go to the market, but also we went to the zoo.
.P1 X ا
, ا :
ا ن ' !-
0 !-
, ' Not only……but also ….. LB ر اذإ
- Not only Tom but also his brothers play music.

Both ……… and ……… : (:6;
, ا) ..... و ..... ! @
- Both Engy and Monica play musical instruments.

Neither …….. nor ……….. : (P1 X ا
, ا :
ا) .......... و ......
- Neither Dina nor her friends study Spanish at school.

Linkers of Cause $ ا P6' ا ا او ا

Because / As / Since + 6 K: (\ ا
6; ھ. P%N ) نG
- He was late for school because he missed the bus.
- Since/As he had no money, he couldn’t buy a bicycle.

Due to / Owing to
Because of / Through + v. + ing /V3ا / g + V3ا: \
On account of / Thanks to
!-
6< ا ' .#او
, ا ن اذإ v + ing م.0 %
- We lost the match due to / through bad play.
- We didn’t play the match owing to bad weather.
- He went to the doctor because of his illness.
- He went to the doctor because of being ill.
- Thanks to science and technology, Egypt has achieved progress.
:$
A not ما.0 " ing $ ف 6 ا
ا
- He couldn't pay his debts due to not having any money.

Being + adj. g:
- Being ill, he went to the doctor.
- Being clever, he passed the exam.

Therefore $ ا اY> و - consequently d Y - ,:
That’s why $ ا اY> و - So d Y :
<- ا
6; ھ. و \ ا
6;
A P%N و
- I got a good degree, therefore / so I didn’t have difficulty getting a job.
- I felt ill. That’s why / Consequently I went to bed.

Linkers of Contrast {W
E ا P6' ا ا او ا

Although / Though / Even though / Even if + 6 K: ! 2O
However + g / ف ظ + '
+ : ! 2O
g / ف ظ + as + '
+ : ! 2O
- Although he is young, he is strong.

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