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2.1 Simple Past: Affirmative and Negative Statements

Affirmative Negative
Did Not/ Base
Subject Verb Subject
Didn’t Form
I/He/She helped the animals. I/He/She did not help them.
You/We/They went to Africa. You/We/They didn’t go to China.

1. Use the simple past for:
a. a completed action or event a. She called me yesterday.
b. a regular or repeated action or event in the past b. I worked every day last week.
c. past states or feelings c. He felt sick this morning.
2. To form the simple past, add -ed or -d to the base play ➔ played
form of most regular verbs. 1 dance ➔ danced
3. Be careful! Many common verbs have irregular eat ➔ ate
past forms. 2 make ➔ made
go ➔ went
see ➔ saw
4. The simple past forms of be are was and were. It was warm.
It wasn’t cold.
Do not use did not or didn’t with was and were
in the negative. They were at work.
They weren’t at home.

✓ I wasn’t late for class yesterday.
✗ I didn’t was late for class yesterday.

1 See page A2 for spelling rules for the simple past.
2 See page A4 for a list of irregular verbs.

4 Complete each sentence with the simple past form of the verb(s) in parentheses.

1. Herders in Kenya weren’t (not be) able to protect their cattle.
2. For years, lions (kill) many cows in Kenya.

3. The herders (send) warriors to hunt the lions.

4. Living with Lions (start) a new program in 2007.

5. At first, some Maasai (not be) happy about the program.

6. The organization (give) every Guardian a cell phone.

7. When a Lion Guardian (see) a lion nearby, he
(call) his neighbor.

8. The Lion Guardians project (not change) the situation in Kenya

immediately. It (take) time.

9. Scientists (study) the lion population.
10. The Lion Guardians (not save) all the lions.

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