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Clinical pharmacy 2024/2025 Level 3 Pharm D Pharmacology 1 (PO 502)

Angina

➢ Atherosclerotic disease of the coronary arteries, also known as coronary
Coronary
artery disease or ischemic heart disease, is the most common cause of
artery mortality around the world.

disease ➢ Patients commonly die either from pump failure due to a myocardial
infarction (tissue necrosis) or fatal arrhythmias.
➢ Coronary artery disease may present in different forms, such as angina

pectoris, acute coronary syndrome, arrhythmias, shortness of breath,
Angina and others.
➢ Angina pectoris is a characteristic sudden, severe, pressing chest pain
radiating to the neck, jaw, back, and arms.

 It is caused by coronary blood flow that is insufficient to meet the
oxygen demands of the myocardium, leading to ischemia.➔ attack

Causes (sever squeezing or crushing pain) vs. CHF (no edema)
 The imbalance between oxygen delivery and utilization may result
during exertion, from a spasm of the vascular smooth muscle, or from
obstruction of blood vessels caused by atherosclerotic lesions.

 These agents lower the oxygen demand of the heart by affecting
blood pressure, venous return, heart rate, and contractility.
Aim of  Lifestyle and risk factor modifications, especially cessation of

therapy smoking, are also important in the treatment of angina.
 Note: Options other than medications for treating angina include
[angioplasty and coronary artery bypass surgery.]

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