Page 165 - pharma 1 theoretical updated MNU_Neat

Clinical pharmacy 2024/2025 Level 3 Pharm D Pharmacology 1 (PO 502)
1- Unfractionated Heparin (UFH)

 Heparin (heparinic acid or unfractionated heparin (UFH)) is a strongly
It’s
acidic, high molecular weight mucopolysaccharide. (up to 40,000 Da)

➢ indirectly inactivates thrombin and factor Xa by activating antithrombin
1) The inhibitory enzyme antithrombin through Penta saccharides

sequences works by forming a 1:1 complex with both thrombin (Factor
IIa) and factor Xa.
MOA 2) The rates of these reactions are slow in absence of heparin, binding is

accelerated 1000-fold in presence of heparin.
3) Heparin binds to and activate antithrombin → accelerates its binding
to thrombin and factor Xa → inactivation of thrombin, factor Xa and

other proteases → decrease blood clotting
bleeding, thrombocytopenia (HIT), osteoporosis and elevation of
S/E
transaminases

routes IV, followed by IV infusion.
Reversal: Discontinue heparin (short half-life) and/or Protamine Sulfate

 Heparinoid (Danaparoid)

licensed for prophylaxis of DVT in patients undergoing general or orthopedic surgery.

➢ a mixture of the low molecular weight sulphated glycosamino-

It is glycuronans: heparin sulphate, dermatan sulphate and a small amount of
chondroitin sulphate

➢ IV in the treatment of individuals who develop HIT but still need
used
ongoing anticoagulation.

| P a g e 149