Page 241 - Pharmaceutics IV (02-06-01305)

30/03/2024

A pH of the formulation that provides the drug in the
nonionic form can enhance drug absorption.
pH: Nonetheless, the formulation pH needs to be within

the range of 4.5–6.5 to minimize nasal irritation.

Osmolality: Hypertonic saline solutions inhibit or reduce
ciliary activity, thus increasing the residence

time of the DDS at the site of absorption.

Gelling or can increase the residence time of the DDS
mucoadhesive at the site of administration.

agents

Dr ALyaa Ramadan, AU 57

57

Solubilizers can increase the amount of a drug in the dissolved state
within a formulation and increase the diffusible fraction of
Absorption
enhancers the drug.
can open the tight junctions of the endothelial barrier,
leading to a higher rate of drug absorption especially for
the large molecular weight protein and peptide drugs.

Viscosity determine the feasibility of a drug for 58
volume, and delivery across the nasal mucosa. For
concentration example, if the therapeutic dose of a
Sterility?
58 drug is soluble in a volume that is
much higher than what can be
delivered through the transnasal

route, or the viscosity of the solution
is too high, a transnasal dosage form

may not be feasible

Dr ALyaa Ramadan, AU

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