Page 128 - MNU-PM502- Pharmaeutical Microbiology Theoritical Book

Pharm D- Clinical Pharmacy Program Third Level Pharmaceutical Microbiology& Antimicrobials (PM 502)

Cross-resistance:
a single mechanism confers resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents

Multiple drug resistance (MDR):
antimicrobial resistance shown by a species of microorganism to at least

one antimicrobial drug in three or more antimicrobial categories.

Mechanisms of Resistance

1. Modification of the drug: Production of enzyme that destroys or deactivates drug

2. Alteration of the target: Alter target of drug so it binds less effectively

3. Reduced cellular uptake: Slow or prevent entry of drug into the cell

4. Increased efflux: Pump antimicrobial drug out of the cell before it can act

115