Page 83 - MNU-PM502- Pharmaeutical Microbiology Theoritical Book

Pharm D- Clinical Pharmacy Program Third Level Pharmaceutical Microbiology& Antimicrobials (PM 502)

Characteristic of ideal antimicrobial drug

* Cause no damage to the host

* Cause no allergic reaction in the host

* Be stable when stored in solid or liquid form

* Remain in specific tissues in the body long enough to
be effective
* Kill the pathogens before they mutate and become
resistant to it

General Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy

1-Obtaining an Accurate Infectious Disease Diagnosis

An infectious disease diagnosis is reached by

➢ determining the site of infection,
➢ and a microbiological diagnosis (Gram stain + Antimicrobial Susceptibility
Test).
➢ defining the host (eg, immunocompromised, diabetic, of advanced age).
➢ It is critical to isolate the specific pathogen in many serious, life-threatening
infections, especially for situations that are likely to require prolonged

therapy (eg, endocarditis, septic arthritis, meningitis).
➢ To optimize an accurate microbiological diagnosis, the diagnostic specimens
must be taken before the initiation of antimicrobial therapy.

2- Timing of Initiation of Antimicrobial Therapy

should be guided by the urgency of the situation

➢ In critically ill patients (septic shock, and patients with bacterial
meningitis) empiric therapy should be initiated immediately after or
concurrently with collection of diagnostic specimens.

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