Page 93 - MNU-PM502- Pharmaeutical Microbiology Theoritical Book

Pharm D- Clinical Pharmacy Program Third Level Pharmaceutical Microbiology& Antimicrobials (PM 502)

3- Aminopenicillins

• beta-lactamases sensitive

Ampicillin - acid resistant

- (incomplete oral absorption)

Amoxicillin - more active

- Good oral availability
Spectrum - Broad-spectrum penicillins

- have spectra of activity similar to the natural
penicillins+ some enteric Gram-negative rods (E.
coli, P. mirabilis, S. enterica, and Shigella spp)
- have activity against anaerobic bacteria

Aminopenicillin/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations

Beta lactamase inhibitors, clavulanate and sulbactam, are used in conjunction
with the aminopenicillins

They inactivate the -lactamases of many Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and

anaerobic bacteria……broaden the antimicrobial spectrum
Ampicillin-sulbactam
Amoxicillin-clavulanate

4- Extended-spectrum penicillins (anti-pseudomonal penicillins)
• compared to the aminopenicillins, the extended-spectrum penicillins are

more active against Gram-negative bacilli (Enterobacteriaceae, and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa)

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