Page 228 - Atlas Sea Birds Ver1

Elands River stack Crawford RJM. 1983. Some observations on seabirds
Coordinates: 33.033 S, 24.067 E breeding in the Tsitsikamma Coastal National Park. Koedoe
Description: Stack at the mouth of the Elands River 26: 145–152.
Species breeding: White-breasted Cormorant, Kelp Gull Crawford RJM, Cooper J, Shelton PA. 1982. Distribution,
Numbers breeding (pairs): population size, breeding and conservation of the Kelp Gull
in southern Africa. Ostrich 53: 164–177.
White-breasted Kelp Crawford RJM, Randall RM, Whittington PA, Waller L, Dyer BM,
Year
Cormorant Gull Allan DG, Fox C, Martin AP, Upfold L, Visagie J, Bachoo
1981 1 0 S, Bowker M, Downs CT, Fox R, Huisamen J, Makhado
AB, Oosthuizen WH, Ryan PG, Taylor RH, Turpie JK. 2013.
2012 0 11 South Africa’s coastal-breeding white-breasted cormorants:
population trends, breeding season and movements, and
Source: 1981 (Crawford 1983); 2012 (Crawford et al. diet. African Journal of Marine Science 35: 473–490.
2013, Whittington et al. 2016) Skead CJ, Liversidge R. 1967. Birds of the Tsitsikamma Forest

Other localities and Coastal National Park. Koedoe 10: 43–62.
Underhill GD. 1978. White-breasted Cormorants breeding in the
Note: In December 1980 and January 1982 single pairs of Tsitsikamma Coastal National Park. Cormorant 5: 34.
African Black Oystercatchers Haematopus moquini nested Whittington PA. 2004. New breeding locality for Crowned
unsuccessfully near Storms River mouth. In January 1982 Cormorants. Koedoe 47: 125.
three pairs nested on Beyer’s Island (Crawford 1983). Whittington PA, Martin AP, Klages NTW. 2006. Status, distribution
and conservation implications of the Kelp Gull (Larus
References: dominicanus vetula) within the Eastern Cape region of South
Africa. Emu 106: 127–139.
Brooke RK, Cooper J, Shelton PA, Crawford RJM. 1982. Whittington PA, Crawford RJM, Martin AP, Randall RM, Brown
Taxonomy, distribution, population size, breeding M, Makhado AB, Dyer BM, Upfold L, Harrison KHB,
and conservation of the White-breasted Cormorant Huisamen J, Waller L, Witteveen M. 2016. Recent trends of
Phalacrocorax carbo on the southern African coast. Le the Kelp Gull Larus dominicanus in South Africa. Waterbirds
Gerfaut 72: 189–220. 39 (Special Publication 1): 99–113.

Cape Blue Duikers (Philantomba monticola) are inhabitants of natural forests along the Tsitsikamma coast (photo RJM Crawford)

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