Page 224 - Atlas Sea Birds Ver1
P. 224

Numbers breeding:

                      Year                 No. of pairs
                      1979                     2
                      2003                     0
                      2012                     0
                      2013                     0
                      2021                     0
                  Sources: Crawford et al. (1982), Whittington et al. (2016),
                  Department of Forestry,  Fisheries and the Environment
                  (DFFE, unpublished record).
                  Note: Although not breeding, about 15 Kelp Gulls were
                  roosting at the Maatjies River mouth on 18 November 2021
                  (DFFE, unpublished record).They are regularly encounted
                  there (pers.obs).

                  References
                  Allan D, Russell  I, Turpie J, Watt L, Nurse P. 2023. Waterbirds
                      of the Knysna Estuary. In: Whitfield AK, Breen CM, Read M
                      (eds). Knysna Estuary – Jewel of the Garden Route. Knysna
                      Basin Project, Knysna, pp. 217–249.
                  AEWA  (Agreement on the Conservation  of  African-Eurasian
                      Migratory  Waterbirds)  2015.  International  Multi-species
                      Action Plan for the Conservation of Benguela  Current   Cliffs  on  the  west  of  the  peninsula  used  for  nesting  by  White-
                      Upwelling  System Coastal Seabirds.  AEWA  Technical   breasted Cormorants, as viewed  from the parking  lot looking
                      Series 60, 86 pp.                             south, November 2021. The Island at the south of the Robberg
                  BirdLife South  Africa. 2021. Creating Penguin Colonies.  Peninsula, which is used for nesting by Kelp Gulls, can be seen at
                      Accessed: 2021-06-28.  URL: https://www.birdlife.  org.za/  the top right (photo RJM Crawford)
                      what-we-do/seabird-conservation/what-we-do/coastal-
                      seabird-conservation/creating-penguin-colonies.   PhD thesis. Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology,
                  Blue Flag.  2021.  Accessed: 2021-06-28.  URL:  https://www.  University of Cape Town: 289 pp.
                      blueflag.global/all-bf-sites.                 Randall  RM, Hanekom N, Randall BM, Crawford RJM. 2024.
                  Brooke RK, Cooper J, Shelton PA, Crawford RJM. 1982. Taxonomy,   Tsitsikamma No. 12 stacks and adjacent mainland cliffs. This
                      distribution,  population size, breeding and  conservation  of   volume.
                      the White-breasted Cormorant, (Phalacrocorax  carbo),  on   Schutte-Vlok  AL, Huisamen  J, Nieuwoudt  H, Cleaver-Christie
                      the southern African coast. Le Gerfaut 72: 189–220.  G. 2011. Draft: Keurbooms River Nature Reserve Complex
                  Boshoff  AF,  Riekert  BR.  1982.  New  breeding  locality  data  for   Management Plan. Cape Nature.
                      southern  African seabirds:  White-breasted  cormorant   Turpie JK, Love V. 2000. Report on baseline studies of birds and
                      (Phalacrocorax carbo). Cormorant 10: 125.         human disturbance on and around Thesen’s Island,  Knysna
                  Cooper J, Brooke RK, Cyrus DP, Martin AP, Taylor RH, Williams   estuary:  management  implications. Unpublished report to
                      AJ. 1992. Distribution, population size and conservation of   Chris Mulder & Associates, 15 pp.
                      the Caspian Tern Sterna caspia in southern Africa. Ostrich   Meyer LA. 2014. Plettenberg Bay flood: 7 years  ater. ShowMe.
                      63: 58–67.                                        Accessed: 2021-06-28.  URL: https://showme.co.za/plett/
                  Crawford RJM, Cooper J,  Shelton PA.  1982. Distribution,   news/plettenberg-bay-flood-7-years-later/.
                      population size, breeding and conservation of the Kelp Gull   Minnaar JC, Lamini PS, Whitting RW, Lourens, EJ, Wildeman D.
                      in southern Africa. Ostrich 53: 164–177.          2021. African Black Oystercatcher breeding success data.
                  Crawford RJM, Randall RM, Whittington PA, Waller L, Dyer BM,   CapeNature, unpublished information.
                      Allan  DG, Fox C, Martin AP, Upfold  L, Visagie  J,  Bachoo   Underhill LG, Cooper J, Waltner M. 1980. The status of waders
                      S,  Bowker  M,  Downs CT,  Fox  R,  Huisamen J,  Makhado   (Charadrii)  and  other  birds  in  the  coastal  region  of  the
                      AB, Oosthuizen WH, Ryan PG, Taylor RH, Turpie JK. 2013.   southern  and eastern Cape. Western  Cape  Wader  Study
                      South Africa’s coastal-breeding white-breasted cormorants:   Group, Cape Town, 248 pp.
                      population  trends,  breeding  season  and movements, and   Van  de  Voorde  S,  Witteveen  M,  Brown  M.  2015.  Differential
                      diet. African Journal of Marine Science 35: 473–490.  reactions  to anthropogenic  disturbance  by two ground-
                  Crawford RJM, Randall RM, Cook TR, Ryan PG, Dyer BM, Fox R,   nesting shorebirds. Ostrich 86: 43-52.
                      Geldenhuys D, Huisamen J, McGeorge C, Smith MK, Upfold   Whittington PA, Crawford RJM, Martin AP, Randall RM, Brown M,
                      L, Visagie J, Waller LJ, Whittington PA, Wilke CG, Makhado   Makhado AB, Dyer BM, Upfold L, Harrison KHB, Huisamen
                      AB. 2016. Cape cormorants decrease, move east and adapt   J, Waller L, Witteveen M. 2016. Recent  trends  of  the  Kelp
                      foraging strategies following eastward displacement of their   Gull (Larus dominicanus)  in  South  Africa.  Waterbirds  39
                      main prey. African Journal of Marine Science 38: 373–383.  (Special  Publication  1): 99–113.
                  Hockey  PAR, Dean WRJ, Ryan  PG, 2005.  Roberts  Birds  of   Witteveen M. 2015. The influence of a changing environment on the
                      Southern Africa, 7th Edition. John Voelcker Bird Book Fund;   breeding biology and diet of Kelp Gulls (Larus dominicanus
                      Cape Town.                                        vetula) in Plettenberg Bay, South Africa. MSc Dissertation.
                  Loewenthal D. 2007. The population dynamics and conservation   Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, University
                      of  the  African black  oystercatcher  Haematopus moquini.   of Cape Town.




                                                                 218
   219   220   221   222   223   224   225   226   227   228   229