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An Example
(A) Your eyes see a snake. The image is sent back to
(B) where the visual cortex sees lines and shapes. The
information then goes to (C) where the cortex analyses
distance and motion. Cortex area (D) analyses the shape
and determines that it is a snake. The cortex signals the thalamus
(E) that a snake is close by. The limbic system (H) determines from
memory that "snakes=danger." The thalamus and limbic system
trigger the fear emotion in the hypothalamus (F), which tells the
pituitary gland (I) to send out appropriate hormones (J) to prepare
for fight or flight.
The hypothalamus is "blind" and doesn't know whether the snake is
real or imaginary! If you imagine, remember, just see a picture, get
tricked by a rope, or dream an image of a snake anywhere in the
cortex (G), the limbic system senses a "danger" tag on the memory
of snakes, and may automatically trigger the hypothalamus fear
response, perhaps waking you up with an adrenaline rush.
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