Page 15 - 4. Pre-Course Reading-Training on Forestry Audit 2019

Chapter 1: Forests

Table 1.5
Types of Forests in Some Countries

ESTONIA Geobotanically, Estonia belongs to the northern part of the nemoral-
coniferous forest subzone of the forest zone of the northern
hemisphere. Estonia’s climax community is the boreo-nemoral coni-
ferous forest, dominated by Norway spruce (Picea abies), silver birch
(Betula pendula), common aspen (Populus tremula), and Scots pine
(Pinus sylvestris).

Because of the spread of agricultural lands in the 19th century and
the draining of bogs and peatland forests in the 20th century, the
current distribution of Estonian forests is different from the natural
communities of the area. Boreal and hemiboreal natural forest habi-
tats have largely disappeared or have been considerably influenced
by human activities in Estonia. (Source: SAI of Estonia)

water
closed forest
open / fragmented forest 15
other wooded lands
other land cover

FAO (2000): Global Forest Resources Assessment,
available at: www.fao.org/forestry/5966/en/est/
[Accessed 18 November 2009]

INDONESIA
In Indonesia, forests are classified according to status, function,
purpose, micro-climate role, aesthetic value, and hydrological
attributes. State forest can include customary forest and private
forest. The forest functions include conservation, protective and
productive forest. Specific purposes may include research and
development, education, recreation, and religion and culture.
The importance of forests may be determined by such elements
as the forest’s importance at the micro-climate level, its aesthetic
qualities, and its ability to absorb water. (Source: SAI of Indonesia)

water
closed forest
open / fragmented forest
other wooded lands
other land cover

FAO (2007): FAO Forestry Country Profile, available at:
www.fao.org/forestry/foris/img/maps/forcov/fc82.gif
[Accessed 5 October 2009]