Page 118 - The Miracle of the Blood and Heart

STIMULUS: If a
primary
contact:

ANTIGEN
(foreign molecular
structure detected in
the tissue)
If a secondary
contact:

MACROPHAGES B-CELLS
pass on their information concerning bind and process antigen to
the invaders to: become:
activate,
HELPER stimulate SENSITIZED
T-CELLS rapid B-CELLS
divisions of:
activate activate,
directly: stimulate
rapid
divisions of: differentiate into: some reserved as:
MEMORY KILLER PLASMA MEMORY
T-CELLS T-CELLS CELLS B-CELLS
secrete:
rapid secondary divisions
ANTIBODIES

MAIN TARGET: MAIN TARGET:
Intracellular (viruses, some fungi and proto- Extracellular (bacteria, viruses' extracellular
zoans), cancer cells, graft cells phases, some fungi and protozoans)
OUTCOME: OUTCOME:
The killer T-cells attack sick, mutated or foreign The antibody binds to the antigen, setting up
cells; macrophages are recruited (phagocyto- invaders for destruction by macrophages or for
sis). lysis through complement.
CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNE RESPONSE ANTIBODY-MEDIATED IMMUNE RESPONSE

The human immune system is extraordinarily complex. Even
this diagram omits many details, and many processes are not
shown. The working of the system, even in general terms, is
exceedingly detailed and rational.

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