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they must have been splashed onto the archer used the useless amino acids that
rocks by the side of a volcano. The water Miller produced. 184
in the mixture containing the amino acids This experiment of Fox’s was not re-
must then have evaporated due to the ceived all that positively by evolutionist
high temperature in the rocks. In this circles because it was obvious that the
way, amino acids could have distilled amino acid chains (proteinoids) he obtai-
and combined—to give rise to proteins. ned were not only meaningless, but co-
But his complicated account pleased uld not have emerged under natural con-
nobody. Amino acids could not have ex- ditions. In addition, proteins—the buil-
hibited a resistance to heat of the kind ding blocks of life—had still not been
that Fox proposed. Research clearly sho- obtained. The problem of proteins had
wed that amino acids were destroyed at still not been solved.
higher temperatures. Even so, Fox refu- An article published in Chemical En-
sed to abandon his claim. gineering News, a science magazine in
He combined purified amino acids the 1970s, said this about the experiment
by heating them in a dry environment in conducted by Fox:
the laboratory under very special condi-
Sydney Fox and the other researchers
tions. The amino acids were duly combi- managed to unite the amino acids in the
ned, but he still obtained no proteins. . shape of "proteinoids" by using very spe-
What he did obtain were simple, disor- cial heating techniques under conditions
dered amino-acid sequences, bound to which in fact did not exist at all in the
one another in a random manner, that primordial stages of Earth. Also, they are
were far from resembling the proteins of not at all similar to the very regular pro-
any living thing. Moreover, had Fox teins present in living things. They are
kept the amino acids at the same tempe- nothing but useless, irregular chemical
rature, the useless links that did emerge stains. It was explained that even if such
would have immediately broken down molecules had formed in the early ages,
185
again. 183 they would definitely be destroyed.
Another point that makes his experi- The proteinoids that Fox obtained
ment meaningless is that Fox used pure were certainly far from being true prote-
amino acids from living organisms, rat- ins in terms of structure and function.
her than those obtained in the Miller Ex- There were as different from proteins as
periment. In fact, however, the experi- a complex technological device is from a
ment, claimed to be an extension of the heap of scrap metal.
Miller Experiment, should have continu- Furthermore, these irregular collecti-
ed from the conclusion of that experi- ons of amino acids had no chance of sur-
ment. Yet neither Fox nor any other rese- viving in the primitive atmosphere. Un-

Harun Yahya (Adnan Oktar)