Page 139 - The Evolution Impasse 2

Origin of Whales 137

the Australopithecus skel e ton to that use lungs to breathe and warm their
of mod ern orang u tans. 151 own bod ies. The or i gin of ma rine
Finally in 1994, Liverpool mam mals is one of the most dif fi cult
University's Fred Spoor and his sub jects for ev o lu tion ists to ac count
team car ried out wide-ran ging stud - for. Most ev o lu tion ist sour ces sug -
ies in or der to ar rive at a de fin i tive gest that their fore run ners lived on
con clu sion re gard ing the dry land, evolved as the re sult of a
Australopithecus skel e ton. During lengthy ev o lu tion a ry proc ess, in
that re search, the in ner ear struc - such a way as to re turn to a ma rine
tures of Australopithecus fos sils were en vi ron ment. According to this
ex am ined. An or gan known as the claim, ma rine mam mals fol lowed a
coch lea de ter mines the body's po si - path which was the ex act op po site of
tion rel a tive to the ground in the in - the sup posed tran si tion from wa ter
ner ears of hu man be ings and oth er to land, via a sec ond proc ess of ev o -
com plex life forms. That or gan's lu tion. However, this the o ry is based
func tion is sim i lar to the bub ble lev - up on no pa le on to log i cal find ings,
el used to main tain lev el sur fa ces by and is al so log i cal ly in con sist ent.
car pen ters.. In or der to de ter mine Mammals are re gard ed as the
wheth er the crea tures por trayed as crea tures at the top of the ev o lu tion -
an ces tors of man walk ed up right, a ry lad der. That be ing so, it is very
Fred Spoor in ves ti gat ed this par tic u - hard to ex plain why these an i mals
lar or gan. The com par i son anal y ses re vert ed to a ma rine en vi ron ment.
made on the bal ance cen ters re - The next ques tion is, how did these
vealed that apes clas si fied as Homo an i mals adapt to the ma rine en vi -
ha bi lis did not walk up right, but ron ment even bet ter than fish?
were bent for ward. 152 Because crea tures such as kill er
whales, which are mam mals and
there fore have lungs, ex hib it an even
ORIGIN OF WHALES more per fect ad ap ta tion to their en -
Whales and dol phins com prise a vi ron ment than fish, which ac tu al ly
group known as ma rine mam mals Just do breathe in wa ter.
like mam mals on land, they give In re cent years, var i ous fos sils
birth to their young, suck le them, have been sug gest ed as so lu tion to

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