Page 156 - The Errors the American National Academy of Sciences

The Errors of the American National Academy of Sciences

root to the major branchings within and among the various [groups]
to the makeup of the primary groupings themselves. 16
Biologist Michael Lynch states that the results of analyses of the

same genes have been as contradictory as those on different genes:
Clarification of the phylogenetic [i.e., evolutionary] relationships of
the major animal phyla has been an elusive problem, with analyses
based on different genes and even different analyses based on the
same genes yielding a diversity of phylogenetic trees. 17
Furthermore, molecular biologist Michael Denton says that com-

parisons at the molecular level conflict with the theory of evolution:
However as more protein sequences began to accumulate during
the 1960's, it became increasingly apparent that the molecules were
not going to provide any evidence of sequential arrangements in na-
ture, but were rather going to reaffirm the traditional view that the
system of nature confirms fundamentally to a highly ordered hier-
archic scheme from which all direct evidence for evolution is em-
phatically absent. Moreover the divisions turned out to be more

mathematically perfect than even most die-hard typologists would
have predicted. 18
Dr. Schwabe is a scientist who has dedicated years to finding
proof of evolution in the molecular field. He has attempted to estab-
lish evolutionary relationships between living things by studying
proteins such as insulin and relaxin, in particular. Yet he has had to

Basic proteins for
life: insulin (left)
and relaxin.

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