Page 199 - The Evolution Deceit

Why Ev o lu tion ists' Claims Are Invalid 197

birds are greater than the differences between those same birds and mam-
mals. It has also been discovered that the molecular difference between
bacteria that appear to be very similar is greater than the difference be-
tween mammals and amphibians or insects. 171 Similar comparisons have
been made in the cases of haemoglobin, myoglobin, hormones, and genes
and similar conclusions are drawn. 172
Concerning these findings in the field of molecular biology, Dr.
Michael Denton comments:
Each class at a molecular level is unique, isolated and unlinked by inter-
mediates. Thus, molecules, like fossils, have failed to provide the elusive in-
termediates so long sought by evolutionary biology… At a molecular level,
no organism is "ancestral" or "primitive" or "advanced" compared with its
relatives… There is little doubt that if this molecular evidence had been
available a century ago… the idea of organic evolution might never have
been accepted. 173

The Collapse of the “Tree of Life”
In the 1990s, research into the genetic codes of living things worsened
the quandary faced by the theory of evolution in this regard. In these ex-
periments, instead of the earlier comparisons that were limited to protein
sequences, "ribosomal RNA" (rRNA) sequences were compared. From
these findings, evolutionist scientists sought to establish an "evolutionary
tree". However, they were disappointed by the results. According to a 1999
article by French biologists Hervé Philippe and Patrick Forterre, "with
more and more sequences available, it turned out that most protein pyhlo-
genies contradict each other as well as the rRNA tree." 174
Besides rRNA comparisons, the DNA codes in the genes of living
things were also compared, but the results have been the opposite of the
"tree of life" presupposed by evolution. Molecular biologists James A.
Lake, Ravi Jain and Maria C. Rivera elaborated on this in an article in 1999:
Scientists started analyzing a variety of genes from different organisms and
found that their relationship to each other contradicted the evolutionary tree
of life derived from rRNA analysis alone. 175
Neither the comparisons that have been made of proteins, nor those
of rRNAs or of genes, confirm the premises of the theory of evolution. Carl
Woese, a highly reputed biologist from the University of Illinois admits
that the concept of "phylogeny" has lost its meaning in the face of molecu-