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MANSOURA NATIONAL UNIVERSIY
         PHARM D- CLINICAL PHARMACY                        LEVEL I                        PHARM. ANAL. CHEM. I (PC 101)



                       Determination of HCl   & CH 3COOH   0.1 N NaOH   Using M.O      from Red to Orange   HCl only     ≡     Using ph.ph  from Colorless to first pink    persistent for 30 sec.   E.P 2(ph.ph.) ≡ HCl + CH3COOH     E.P 1≡ HCl only     (E.P 2- E.P 1) ≡ CH3COOH only















                                                                E.P  1 (M.O.)

                       Determination of   NH 4Cl & HCl   0.1 N NaOH   Using M.O      from Red to Orange   y  HCl onl     ≡     Using ph.ph  from Colorless to first pink      persistent for 30 sec.   E.P 2(ph.ph.) ≡ HCl + NH4Cl     E.P 1≡ HCl only     (E.P 2- E.P 1) ≡ NH 4Cl only











                                                             E.P  1 (M.O.)

                       Determination of   Na 2CO 3 & NaHCO 3   0.2 N HCl   Using ph.ph      from  pink to Colorless   E.P 1 (ph.ph.) ≡ 1/2 CO 3 2-   Using M.O      from Yellow to Orange   E.P 2 (M.O.) ≡ CO 3 2- + HCO 3 -   2E.P 1 ≡ CO 3 2-       (E.P 2 - 2E.P 1) ≡ HCO 3 -














                       Determination of NaOH   & Na 2CO 3 mixture   0.2 N HCl   Using ph.ph      from  pink to Colorless   E.P 1 (ph.ph.) ≡ OH -  + 1/2 CO 3 2-   Using M.O      from Yellow to Orange   E.P 2 (M.O.) ≡ OH -  + CO 3 2-       2(E.P 2 - E.P 1) ≡ CO 3 2-       [E.P 2 - 2(E.P 2 - E.P 1)] ≡ OH -























                                    Standard   solution           E.P color   change               Note   







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