Page 3 - Microsoft Word - Lecture 1 on Cytology Cervical Smear Collection and Preparation.docx

 Communication: Emphasize the importance of explaining the procedure to the patient to
ensure comfort and consent.

B. Speculum Insertion

 Purpose: To visualize the cervix by gently separating the vaginal walls.
 Technique: Discuss the careful insertion of the speculum to minimize discomfort.

C. Cell Collection

 Tools Used:
o Spatula: Used to collect cells from the ectocervix.
o Cytobrush: Used to collect cells from the endocervical canal.

 Procedure:
o Demonstrate the correct method of scraping the transformation zone, where the
majority of cervical cancers originate.
o Explain how to use the cytobrush for obtaining a sample from the endocervical canal.

4. Preparation of the Cervical Smear

A. Smear Preparation

 Traditional Method:
o Discuss how the collected cells are smeared directly onto a glass slide.
o Emphasize the importance of creating a thin, even layer of cells for accurate
examination.

 Liquid-Based Cytology:
o Explain the alternative method where the sample is rinsed into a liquid medium,
providing a more uniform and preserved cell sample.

B. Fixation

 Purpose: To preserve cellular structure and prevent air-drying artifacts.
 Fixatives Used:

o Discuss the use of alcohol-based solutions like 95% ethanol or spray fixatives.
o Highlight the importance of immediate fixation to maintain cellular integrity.

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