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6.4 Glossary of Terms

Actuation Drawing - Drawing detailing movement of components in a product. Critique - A session where work is analysed and constructive feedback for
further development is given
Affinity Diagram - AKA Crazy wall, is a method used to collate all known raw data
in a research project to allow for organisation and understanding. Design - Design is a verb not a noun. It is a problem solving activity

Angle Projection - Orthographic Drawing View Design Brief - A contract between a designer and a client defining the constraints
reference
and scope of a design project
- 3rd Angle Projection - Third angle views are intuitive, as they represent you
looking at the object from the corresponding side. The front view is always Design Review - A review of design in advance of assessment to allow for
shown in the center. actionalble feedback

- 1st Angle Projection – Less intuitive than 3rd Angle Projection and, therefore, designCORE - Design Centre of Research and Enterprise
not encouraged for product design sketching and technical drawings.
Design Led Research - Research undertaken where dethodology and
design thinking are employed
Axis Line - A construction line indicative of plane orientation.
DFMAD - Design For Manufacture, Assembly and Des-Assembly
Base Part - Point where design concept moves to the digital platform and the
basic function form is produce. (see also Product Architecture) DI - Design Input

Basic 2 -Dimensional geometric forms - The basic geometric plane shapes are Egronomics - The measure of man and physical interaction between humans and
circle, triangle, rectangle, rhombus, square and trapezoid. products or environments

Basic 3 -Dimensional forms – The basic 3-Dimensional forms are a cube, a Exploded View - A drawing showing all components of a product blown apart on
rectangular prism, a sphere, a cone, and a cylinder. their assembly centre lines

Basic Views – Any three-dimensional form can be placed inside an imaginary Hatching and Cross - A series of lines used to shade a free-hand sketch or
cube within which three basic views can be established. Plan or Plane View is the used to indicate a cross-section through a component in a hand-drawn sketch or
view of a form when viewed from the top. Front View is the view of the form when technical drawing. Hatching and cross-hatching used in sketching may be:
viewed from the front. Side View is the view of the form when viewed from the - parallel used to indicate light and dark areas on a sketch
side. - contour, used to show topography of a component by following the contours
of the object
Benchmarking - A visual board use as inspiration in a particular product category. - tick-hatching, style of hatching using very short parallel strokes or “ticks”
Ticks can overlap one another to create density
BOM - Bill of Materials - cross-hatching (freehand sketching), may be parallel or counter hatching and
where a second set of hatching is drawn in a near - perpendicular direction to
BS - British Standards the first set. Used to vary the density and darken the values in your hatching.
- cross-hatching (freehand section), a series near equally-spaced parallel lines
Centre Line - Construction line highlighting the axial line of a component. drawn at an angle (usually at 45º degrees) to nominate or show a typical
section through a component or part.
Concept Freeze - Point of product development where conceptualisation ends - Cross-hatching in Technical Drawings:
and DFMAD begin. This is usually signed off by all stakeholder to ensure buy in. - cross-hatching in technical drawing is a series of equally spaced parallel lines
(usually drawn at 45º) to nominate or define a sectional view through
Conceptualisation - Development of ideas through iteration and exploration a component or part. Interconnecting parts are shown by alternating the
direction of the cross-hatching
Conceptual Elements – A three-dimensional design can be conceived in the
mind before it takes on a physical shape. Conceptual elements can be defined by HDP - Honours Degree Project
a point, a line, a plane, and a volume.

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