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1056 | SEYYEDI ET AL.

(2005) study also found that although pregnant women are knowledge directly influence health behaviors. The findings indicate
somewhat aware of their oral health status, they avoid visiting the the necessity to provide educational programs targeting oral health
dentist due to incorrect knowledge. Therefore, using appropriate care, especially for women of reproductive age.
training can improve the oral health of pregnant women (HajiKazemi
et al., 2005). Meanwhile, the level of knowledge and attitude of AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS
obstetricians and midwives plays an important role in encouraging Study conceptualization: Seyyed Amir Seyyedi. Data handling: Zahra
pregnant women to improve their oral care. Abdollahzadegan. Experimental design: Seyyed Amir Seyyedi and
In a study performed by Bahri et al. (2012) in the city of Mahla Rezaei. Analysis and interpretation of data: Afsoon Asadollahi.
Mashhad, Iran, the levels of knowledge of pregnant women increased Provision of study materials and equipment: Zahra Abdollahzadegan
and their attitude and dental practices improved after an oral health and Mahla Rezaei. Study validation and data presentation: Zahra
education program. Abdollahzadegan. Supervision: Seyyed Amir Seyyedi and Zohreh
In the current study, more than half of the pregnant women had a Dalirsani. Draft preparation: Zahra Abdollahzadegan and Seyyed Amir
level of literacy below that of those with a high school diploma. The mean Seyyedi. Study consultation: Zohreh Dalirsani and Seyyed Amir
of DMFT in illiterate mothers was equal to 19.75± 5.97, and was higher Seyyedi. Writing and reviewing and project administration: Seyyed
than that of the literate mothers. However, there was not a significant Amir Seyyedi and Zohreh Dalirsani. All authors approved the final
correlation between educational level and DMFT status. It should be version of this article.
remembered that the present study was performed at a local government
clinic, where most of the patients had a lower social status and lower ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
levels of education. These factors might influence the results; therefore, The findings described in this article are part of a graduate student's
these results could not be generalized for the whole population thesis. The authors would like to thank the vice chancellor for
On the other hand, since caries and filled teeth have the same research at the Urmia University of Medical Science for the financial
value in a DMFT score, assessment of DMFT alone cannot be a good support.
indicator for subjects' practice, because filling the teeth before the
pregnancy, could be considered a positive indication of previous CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT
attendance at a dental clinic. It is suggested that each of the criteria The authors declare no conflict of interest.
of this index should be assessed separately and then compared with
the knowledge and attitude scores and educational level. DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 20574347, 2023, 6, Downloaded from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cre2.804 by Readcube (Labtiva Inc.), Wiley Online Library on [01/02/2025]. See the Terms and Conditions (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/terms-and-conditions) on Wiley Online Library for rules of use; OA articles are governed by the applicable Creative Commons License
Considering the results obtained regarding the status of The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current
knowledge, attitude, and performance of pregnant women with study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable
respect to their oral health and considering the necessity of oral request.
health care in the pregnancy, it is recommended that another study
on the effects of oral health education before pregnancy, on ETHICS STATEMENT
knowledge and attitude status and the performance of oral health The study process was carried out after the approval of the protocol
care in pregnant women be performed. Furthermore, the correlation of the study by the ethics committee of Urmia University of Medical
between oral health indices with consequences and complications of Sciences (the ethical code: IR.UMSU.REC.1398.204). Pregnant
pregnancy should be evaluated. women were enrolled in the study after signing an informed consent
Therefore, while trying to remove the structural barriers of the form. To keep the personal information of the participants and also to
health system, including increasing insurance coverage and better prevent bias, each of them was given a code. No therapeutic
access to healthcare centers, it is necessary to have appropriate intervention with side effects was performed, and the examinations
policies for comprehensive training programs for society, espe- were completely safe and in accordance with the principles of
cially reproductive‐aged women, in health centers. Normally, infection control.
increased knowledge andanimprovedattitudeare expected to
affect health behaviors and gradually lead to better performance ORCID
of oral hygiene. It is also recommended that oral health education Seyyed Amir Seyyedi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0039-3855
be included in the educational curriculum of medicine, dentistry, Zohreh Dalirsani http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5898-3180
and midwifery.
REFERENCES
Ahmadian‐Yazdi, A., & Sanatkhani, M. (2003). A descriptive survey of the
5 | CONCLUSION oral health on a group of the Asian pregnant women resident in the
UK. Journal of Mashhad Dental School, 27,93–99.
Bahri, N., Iliati, H. R., Sajjadi, M., Boloochi, T., & Bahri, N. (2012). Effects of
This study showed that the knowledge and attitude of its participat- oral and dental health education program on knowledge, attitude
ing pregnant women were not satisfactory and their oral hygiene and short‐time practice of pregnant women (Mashhad‐Iran). Journal
should be improved. It is generally expected that attitude and of Mashhad Dental School, 36,1–12.