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S.A. Seyyedi et al. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy 49 (2024) 104282

Fig. 2. CONSORT flowchart of the study participants.

PBM + Acyclovir group was significantly lower than Acyclovir without
Table 1
PBM group. Few other studies have shown that PBMT had a significant
Mean and standard deviation of pain intensity in the studied groups.
effect on pain intensity of RHL which is similar to our findings [27-29].
2
Study Pain intensity (Mean ± SD) For example, Bojovic et al. [30] found that 810-nm, 3 J/cm continuous
group PBMT could have a significant efficacy on reducing RHL postoperative
Before Immediately The first The The third
treatment after day after second day after pain. In contrast to our findings, Carvalho et al. [31] found no significant
treatment treatment day after treatment difference in the pain intensity in patients who were treated by laser
treatment (780 nm, 60 mW, 3.0 J/cm(2) was lower compared to the patients who
Acyclovir 5.0 ± 1.3 4.9 ± 1.2 2.6 ± 1.7 0.2 ± 0.6 0 were treated by antiviral drug.
with PBM has several physiological effects such as reducing inflammation,
PBM analgesic effects, and stimulating wound healing. Low-level laser, also
Acyclovir 4.6 ± 1.4 4.6 ± 1.4 3.5 ± 1.2 3.1 ± 1.2 2.5 ± 0.8 known as recovery laser, has an energy of fewer than 500 milliwatts and
without
does not increase the temperature in the target tissue. As well as that,
PBM
p-value 0.43 0.55 0.12 < 0.001 < 0.001 this laser also has a photobiological and photochemical effect on the
target tissue [32,33]. In other words, PBM increases adenosine
SD: standard deviation; PBM: low-level laser therapy.
3