Page 16 - PBA Medicine list - edition 5_SW_Neat

By Ghezal Zobair

Generic Name: Lidocaine

Brand names: Xylocaine, Lignocaine

Side effects/precautions:

Nervousness; dizziness; blurred vision; tremor; drowsiness; tinnitus; numbness; paraesthesisa;
sensory disturbance; disorientation; GI upset; convulsion; unconsciousness; respiratory depression,
arrest; hypotension; CV collapse; bradycardia; allergic reaction incl anaphylaxis, bronchospasm,
dermatitis.

Note:

• Lidocaine (lignocaine) should be given with great caution to patients with severe bradycardia,
cardiac conduction disturbances or severe digitalis intoxication.
• Lignocaine (lignocaine) and/or its metabolites may accumulate during prolonged or repeated
administration in patients with hepatic, renal or cardiac diseases. However, this is unlikely to
occur at the doses normally used in dentistry.
• Lignocaine (lignocaine) should be used with caution in patients with known drug sensitivities.
Patients allergic to ester derivatives of para-aminobenzoic acid (procaine, tetracaine,
benzocaine etc.) have not shown cross sensitivity to agents of the amide type.

Interactions:

Antiarrhythmics (eg mexiletine); amiodarone; AEDs (eg phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone,
carbamazepine); TCAs; phenothiazines; butyrophenones; ergot-type oxytocic agents; adrenergic
neuron blockers (eg guanethidine, debrisoquine, bethanidine); cardiac glycosides; β-blockers (eg
propranolol); hypoglycaemics; quinidine; inhalational anaesthetics eg N2O; halogenated compounds
incl chloroform, halothane, cyclopropane, trichlorethylene; structurally related agents; certain metals
eg needles.

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