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3 Ways to Look at
What managers Do

1-3 Describe what managers do.

NO TWO ORGANIZATIONs ARe ALIKe, and neither are managers’

jobs. But their jobs do share some common elements, as you’ll see in
1 these three approaches to describing what managers do.

4 Functions Approach Exhibit 1–4 Four Management Functions

Includes defining goals,
• Says that managers perform certain activities, tasks, or functions PLANNING
establishing strategy, and
as they direct and oversee others’ work. developing plans to
coordinate activities
• WHAT Fayol said managers do: First person to identify five com-
mon activities managers engage in: plan, organize, command, ORGANIZING
coordinate, and control (POCCC). 4 Achieving the
organization's
• Today, the management functions have been condensed to four: Includes monitoring performance, comparing it with goals, and correcting any significant stated purpose and who will make decisions to be grouped, who reports to whom, done, who is to do them, how the tasks are Includes determining what tasks are to be
planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. CONTROLLING deviations
• See Exhibit 1–4 for what managers do when they P-O-L-C.
Includes motivating employees,
LEADING
directing the activities of others,
Try It! nication channel, and resolving conflicts
selecting the most e ective commu-
If your professor has assigned this, go to the Assignments section of
mymanagementlab.com to complete the Simulation: What Is Management?

THEN PO CC C NOW P OL C

plan organize command coordinate control planning organizing leading controlling

Jacques Boyer/Roger-Violiet/ The Image Works Who: Henri Fayol—an engineer/executive

at a large French mining company
When: Early 1900s
How: Personal experience and observations.

planning organizing leading controlling
Defining goals, establishing strategy, and Determining what needs to be done, how it Directing and coordinating the work Monitoring activities to ensure that they
developing plans to coordinate activities will be done, and who is to do it activities of an organization’s people are accomplished as planned

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