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Modern Geomatics Technologies and Applications

Spatial Autocorrelation of the
average of congestion (Weekends)

Fig.4. Spatial autocorrelation of average of traffic congestion of weekends during the time of study

According to in Fig.3 and Fig.4, it is evident that the overall trend of changes in average of congestion follow the same
pattern on weekdays and weekends. A clear distinct concentration of traffic congestion on weekday lies in continues area located
in central and northern part of the study area approximately overlapped with CCZ as well as AQCZ (Fig.3.). Similar analysis for
weekends (Fig.4.) indicates that the concentration of highly congested areas are discovered in two separate sections located in
the centre of the city overlapped with CCZ and a separate part in northern parts of city. It is worth noting that the figures statically
illustrate the general change of traffic congestion, while the congestion indicates significant changes over different times of day.
In order to indicate the changes of average of traffic congestion in the study area on weekdays and weekends over the
time of study, Hovmöller diagram has been employed (Fig.5 and Fig.6). As can be seen in , the horizontal and vertical axis imply
the spatial units (116 zones) and time (1-hour intervals in day) respectively for which, every column represents the value of
relating variable of interest (average of traffic congestion) through shading colours. According to it can be infers that in general,
the average of traffic congestion for all zones within 1-hour intervals is less on weekdays compared with weekends. Meanwhile,
the corresponding average of traffic congestion is not similar for a specific zone on weekdays and weekends. Accordingly, the
duration of traffic congestion can be evaluated for each specific area. As it turns out, some areas are longer under congestion,
while others do not experience congestion at any time of day. With more detailed analysis, the time of start of congestion for
different zones of study area on weekdays and weekends can be extracted. The dynamic changes of congestion indicates that the
start time and duration of congestion varies from one part to other part of the study area and also from weekdays to weekend.

24:00
1-hour intervals 12:00 18
18:00
18

18

6:00

18
0:00

1 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

Zone
Fig.5. Trend of changes in average traffic congestion of weekdays in one-hour time intervals in the study area during the time
of study

5