Page 55 - ASOP ROT Study Guide

5 . 2 Axes of Movement
Motion of the ankle joint takes place primarily about a single axis. It is approximately horizontal and
allows the foot to move in a sagittal plane. The position of the axis is along a line running between
the tip of the fibula, known as the lateral malleolus and the medial projection of the tibia called the
medial malleolus. These are the obvious bony prominences on the outside and inside of your ankle.

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5 . 3 Types of Movement
As we have seen, the types of motion of the ankle are limited to flexion and extension in the sagittal
plane. The proper names for these are dorsiflexion (toes move towards head) and plantarflexion
(toes move away from head) as in Figure 18.

5 . 4 Muscles
5 . 4 . 1 Plantarflexors
The principal plantarflexors are the soleus and gastrocnemius (Figure 19) which are important
power muscles and posture controllers when standing. They are attached to the os calcis (or heel
bone) by the tendo calcaneus (achilles tendon, tendo achilles).

5 . 4 . 2 Dorsiflexors
Dorsiflexion of the foot is produced by the tibialis anterior, the extensor digitorum longus and
the extensor hallucis longus (illustrated below).

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