Page 83 - BANC-131 (E)

IGNOUPROJECT.COM 9958947060

of a society. The method required extensive interviewingof individuals in order to record
their descent, succession and inheritance.The genealogical method was used, along with
Shrichakradhar.com
observation method census andsettlement plans, first by W H R Rivers in field research
and produced his classicalmonograph on the Todas, and later by many anthropologists.
Genealogical method is very much helpful in studying kinship, and thereby
inunderstanding the social structure or network of relationship among individuals. It is
donethrough the collection of demographic and social data and by charting pedigrees
and mappingresidence details. In the studies of migration and to trace out early
migrants, genealogicalmethod is found very useful.
Tools and Techniques of Anthropological Research: Questionnaire and
interview are two important techniques adopted in anthropological research. Different
tools are used while using techniques. Schedule is a tool to conduct interview or
9958947060
observation. According to Bogardus, “a questionnaire is a list of questions sent to a
number of persons for them to answer”.
Questionnaire: Questionnaire is considered as the heart of social survey because it is
the main technique of data collection employed in survey method. It is a better
instrument for obtaining information about personal life, feelings, expectations or
future plans.
• A questionnaire consists of a set of questions in a definite order and form.
• The systematic compiling of questions is necessary in a questionnaire.
• It is distributed to obtain responses from respondents.

• The respondent is expected to fill up the form by her/himself.
Interview: We often come across interviews with different personalities in Media.
Interview is universally used for the study of human behaviour. In social life, the
Lawyer, physician, journalist, social worker, and salesman depend partly on interviews
to carry out their professional demands. Likewise, Anthropological researchers often use
key informants as valuable sources of information, by carrying out frequent
conversations with them, what is commonly known as key informant interview. They are
persons identified by the anthropologists, in the course of one's field research, as those
possessing valuable information than others about the people, incidents and social
processes under study.
In simple terms, interview means ‘conversation with a purpose’. It is a procedure used
for collecting data through a person to person contact between an interviewer and
respondent(s). In interview, data collection is done mainly through the verbal
interaction between the respondent(s) and the interviewer. The views and ideas of other
persons can be elicited through interview.
Interview can be defined as a system in which both the investigator as well as the
informant discuss the problem under research, the former usually taking the initiative
with the object of extracting maximum information from the latter. According to Goode
and Hatt, interviewing is fundamentally a process of social interaction.

Page
79