Page 20 - Human Rights

Faculty of Nursing
Adult care Nursing Department

Among the most significant of these are the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

(ICCPR) and the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), both

adopted in 1966.

These treaties expanded on the rights declared in the UDHR, providing legal frameworks for
enforcement and monitoring, and obligating governments to implement measures to safeguard

civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights.

Over time, additional treaties and conventions have addressed specific issues such as the rights of

women, children, refugees, persons with disabilities, and the elimination of racial discrimination.

The expansion through international treaties transformed human rights from general principles

into enforceable standards, ensuring accountability, guiding national legislation, and promoting

global cooperation to protect human dignity.

1.3.5 Contemporary Developments

In recent decades, human rights have continued to evolve in response to new challenges and

changing social conditions.

While the foundations established by historical documents and international treaties remain

essential, contemporary developments have expanded the scope of human rights to address

issues that were previously overlooked.

New areas include the rights of women, children, persons with disabilities, refugees, and
indigenous peoples, as well as environmental rights and digital rights in the age of technology and

the internet.

18 Academic Year 2025/2026