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Expanding the field of adjuvated vaccines for sustainable animal agriculture

2
1 Ghaith Hussein Mansour, Mohd Effendy , Laith Abdul Razzak
* 2

1 Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu,
21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
2 Faculty of Fisheries and Food Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu,
21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.

* Corresponding author: effendy@umt.edu.my

Abstract:
Disease prevention is a critical issue in maintaining animal agriculture's sustainable development. Animal
farming is developing from extensive to intensive high industrial-scale production. Production of animals
in high-density growth conditions requires effective vaccines to control emerging diseases. Mannheimiosis
is one of the most economically devastating diseases affecting animal agriculture worldwide; it is caused
by a bacterium called Mannheimia haemolytica and is one of the most common animal respiratory
infections. Animals afflicted with Mannheimiosis are left with irreversible and sometimes lethal damage.
An adjuvanted vaccination (EPS-MH) for mannheimiosis was trialled on 24 male Sprague Dawley rats at
the institute of marine biotechnology (IMB), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia, in an attempt to
prevent the disease's occurrence. The vaccination was administered intraperitoneally, followed by a booster
dose, and challenged with experimental challenge infection. Gross pathology and bacterial isolation were
used to validate the diagnosis of deadly mannheimiosis. The vaccine's effectiveness was studied when
vaccinated rats were compared to unvaccinated rats; bacterial isolates and infected lung lesions were
significantly reduced. EPS-MH experimental adjuvanted vaccine induces more significant levels of
immunity and has shown great promise for the future of animal agriculture vaccines. The availability of
these vaccines will greatly enhance agricultural animal production and economic potential for producers.

Keywords: Adjuvant, agriculture, development, Mannheimia haemolytica, sustainability