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Hypovolemic shock12

Essam Hesham Khamis ID:1310

Hypovolemic shock: results when you lose more than 20 percent (one-fifth) of your body’s blood or fluid
supply.

Causes:
• It is caused by a sudden decrease in the intravascular blood volume relative to the vascular capacity.
• -Broken bones around your hips.
• -Cuts on your head and neck
• -Damage to organs in your belly, including your spleen, liver, and kidneys, because of a car accident or
a bad fall.
• -A tear in your heart or a large blood vessel, or a weakened spot in a large blood vessel that could burst.
• -Problems with your digestive tract, such as ulcers.

Specific manifestations

Hypovolemic shock is the manifestation of hypoperfusion from inadequate intravascular volume resulting in
cellular hypoxia. Early, effective treatment tailored to the individual patient will minimize morbidity and
mortality. The causes and end-organ responses can differ with each patient, requiring an understanding of the
underlying physiology and pathophysiology. Treatment always consists of oxygen and isotonic crystalloids and
may require the use of colloids, corticosteroids, antibiotics, and vasomotor drugs.

Treatments

These include :

• -blood plasma transfusion
• -platelet transfusion
• -red blood cell transfusion
• -intravenous crystalloids

References
• -Hypovolemic shock
• FM Shamji, TRJ Todd
• Critical care clinics 1 (3), 609-629, 1985
• Elke Rudloff, Rebecca Kirby
• Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice 24 (6), 1015-1039, 1994
• -Alan I Faden, John W Holaday
• Science 205 (4403), 317-318, 1979

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