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ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES

In fact, the ability to recognize facial expressions of emotion is not necessarily
(15)
innate even in human babies, but may have to be learned in much the same way
pigeons learn. In experiments conducted several years ago at the University of Iowa, it
was found that pigeons organize images of things into the same logical categories that
humans do.
(20) None of this work would come as any surprise to Charles Darwin, who long ago
wrote about the continuity of mental development from animals to humans.

1. From the passage, which of the following can be inferred about pigeons?
___ (A) They can show the same emotions humans can.
___ (B) They can understand human emotions.
___ (C) They can only identify the expressions of people they are familiar with.
___ (D) They have more sophisticated nervous systems than was once thought.
2. The passage implies that, at birth, human babies
___ (A) have nervous systems capable of recognizing subtle expressions
___ (B) can learn from pigeons
___ (C) are not able to recognize familiar faces
___ (D) may not be able to identify basic emotions through facial expressions
3. Why does the author mention the experiments conducted several years ago at the University
of Iowa?
___ (A) They proved that pigeons were not the only kind of animal with the ability to recognize
facial expressions.
___ (B) They were contradicted by more recent experiments.
___ (C) They proved that the ability to recognize human expressions was not innate in human
babies.
___ (D) They showed the similarities between the mental organization of pigeons and that of
humans.
4. If Charles Darwin could have seen the results of this experiment, his most probable response
would have been one of
___ (A) rejection
___ (B) surprise
___ (C) agreement
___ (D) amusement

Questions 5-7

The spectacular eruptions of Old Faithful geyser in Yellowstone National Park do
(line) not occur like clockwork. Before the earthquake of 1959, eruptions came every 60 to 65
(5)
minutes; today they are as little as 30 minutes or as much as 90 minutes apart. The
geyser usually gives a warning: a short burst of steam. Then a graceful column rises up
to 150 feet in the air. The water unfurls in the sunlight with the colors of the rainbow
playing across it.
This eruption is only the visible part of the spectacle. The geyser is linked by an
(10)
intricate plumbing network to some extremely hot rocks. As water seeps into the
underground system, it is heated at the bottom like water in a tea kettle. But while
water in a kettle rises because of convection, the narrow tubes of the geyser system
prevent free circulation of the water. Thus,

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