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12 Jacob G. Foster, Andrey Rzhetsky and James A. Evans, “Tradition and Innovation in Scientists’
Research Strategies”, American Sociological Review, October 2015 80: 875-908
http://www.knowledgelab.org/docs/1302.6906.pdf

13
Mike Ramsay and Douglas Cacmillan, “Carnegie Mellon Reels After Uber Lures Away
Researchers”, Wall Street Journal, 31 May 2015
http://www.wsj.com/articles/is-uber-a-friend-or-foe-of-carnegie-mellon-in-robotics-1433084582

14
World Economic Forum, Deep Shift – Technology Tipping Points and Societal Impact, Survey
Report, Global Agenda Council on the Future of Software and Society, September 2015.
15
For more details on the survey methodology, please refer to pages 4 and 39 of the report referenced
in the previous note.

16 UK Office of National Statistics, “Surviving to Age 100”, 11 December 2013,
http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/lifetables/historic-and-projected-data-from-the-period-and-cohort-life-
tables/2012-based/info-surviving-to-age-100.html

17
The Conference Board, Productivity Brief 2015, 2015.
According to data compiled by The Conference Board data, global labour productivity growth in the
period 1996-2006 averaged 2.6%, compared to 2.1% for both 2013 and 2014.
https://www.conference-board.org/retrievefile.cfm?filename=The-Conference-Board-2015-
Productivity-Brief.pdf&type=subsite

18
United States Department of Labor, “Productivity change in the nonfarm business sector, 1947-
2014”, Bureau of Labor Statistics
http://www.bls.gov/lpc/prodybar.htm
19
United States Department of Labor, “Preliminary multifactor productivity trends, 2014”, Bureau of
Labor Statistics, 23 June 2015
http://www.bls.gov/news.release/prod3.nr0.htm

20 OECD, “The Future of Productivity”, July 2015. http://www.oecd.org/eco/growth/The-future-of-
productivity-policy-note-July-2015.pdf

For a short discussion on decelerating US productivity, see: John Fernald and Bing Wang, “The Recent
Rise and Fall of Rapid Productivity Growth”, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, 9 February
2015.
http://www.frbsf.org/economic-research/publications/economic-letter/2015/february/economic-growth-
information-technology-factor-productivity/

21 The economist Brad DeLong makes this point in: J. Bradford DeLong, “Making Do With More”,
Project Syndicate, 26 February 2015.
http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/abundance-without-living-standards-growth-by-j--
bradford-delong-2015-02

22
John Maynard Keynes, “Economic Possibilities for our Grandchildren” in Essays in Persuasion,
Harcourt Brace, 1931.
23
Carl Benedikt Frey and Michael Osborne, “The Future of Employment: How Susceptible Are Jobs
to Computerisation?”, Oxford Martin School, Programme on the Impacts of Future Technology,
University of Oxford, 17 September 2013.
http://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/downloads/academic/The_Future_of_Employment.pdf

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