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Clinical pharmacy PharmD program Third level Phytochemistry-1 (PG-504)

• Pentosan: Polysacchride that yields only pentose sugar.

• Hexosan: Polysacchride that yields only hexose sugar.

• Mixed pentosans and hexosans: Polysaccharide that yields hexose and
pentose.

Physical Characters of CHO

1- Condition: monosaccharides and most disaccharides are white, crystalline

comp. with sharp melting points.

2- Solubility: Monosaccharides are soluble in cold water and alcohol. Despite

their high molecular weights, the presence of large numbers of OH groups make

the monosaccharides much more water soluble than most molecules of similar

Molecular weight.

• Polysaccharides: Starch, pectin, mucilages and glycogen are insoluble in

cold water, but more soluble in hot water and insoluble in alcohol.

3-Taste: Most of the simple and low molecular weight sugars have a sweet taste,

but the relative sweetness varies considerably.

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