Page 59 - PG 504-theoretical notes-phyto-1-2024-2025..

Clinical pharmacy PharmD program Third level Phytochemistry-1 (PG-504)

Commercial preparation:

• Pure D-glucose is prepared by heating starch (particularly corn starch) with

dilute hydrochloric acid under pressure:

dil.HCl, Heat, Pressure
(C H O ) + n H O n C H O 6
6
6
2
5 n
10
12

Properties:
▪ White, crystalline solid with a sweet taste.

▪ Readily soluble in water, sparingly soluble in ethanol and insoluble in ether.

▪ Its solution is dextorotatory.

▪ It is a strong reducing agent for:

1) Fehling’s solution and Barfoed’s solution.

2) Ammonical silver nitrate solution (Tollon’s reagent).

▪ By heating with phenylhydrazine in acetic acid, it gives an osazone in the form

o
of golden yellow needle - shaped crystals (Glucosazone), m.p. 205 C
Uses: D-glucose is a normal constituent of blood, and is the most important energy

source to mammals sp.to brain cells. So it is used as:

1. A ready source of energy, nutrient (oral, I.V.)

2. Used in solution (I.V.) to supply fluid and to sustain the blood volume.

3. In the management of shock which may follow insulin administration.

40