Page 518 - Copper and Bronze in Art: Corrosion, Colorants, Getty Museum Conservation, By David Scott

in burial environment, 243 equations for, 234-3 5 Culross manuscript, azurite in, 109
chemistry of, 241 from indoor museum cumengite, 142 - 43
as corrosion products, 240, 241 pollution, 232-35 , 233 f as corrosion product, 142 - 43
in outdoor environment, 243 in reducing environments, properties of, 142
as pigments, 240 227-31 · cupric. See copper (II) compounds
properties of, 240-41 , 2421 identification of, 226 cupric ferrocyanide. See copper (II)
copper phthalocyanine, 315 medicinal uses of, 225-2 6 hexakis-cyanoferrate
chlorinated, 315 and niello, 235-39 cupric oxide. See tenorite
properties of, 208p, 315 properties of, 224, 226, 227 t cuprite, 8 2 - 9 4
copper proteinates, 298-99 recipes for, 225 absorption band of, 84 - 85
copper resinate(s), 2 9 4 - 9 9 copper trihydroxychlorides in alum and natron, X-ray dif­
chemistry of, 297-98 crystallization of, 128 fraction data for, 4241
detection of, 297-9 8 natural occurrences of, 123 in bronze disease, 127-28
as pigment, 204p, 205 p types of, 122-2 5 dichroism of, 92, i80p
properties of, 205 ρ copper-zinc carbonates, mixed, formation of, 83 - 84,112
synthesis of, 2 9 4 - 9 7 116-17 in glasses, 9 1 - 9 4
9
USeS Of, 295-96 copper-zinc chlorides, mixed, 143 opaque red, 1-93
copper salts, organic, 268-315. See Coppergate burial site (England), stained window, 94
also specific types Anglian helmet from, 229 in glazes, 91
and bronze corrosion, 2 9 9 - 3 0 3 Coram Rege Rolls red, 9 3 - 9 4
conservation treatments and, folio 1013 of, verdigris in, 277 in niello, 238
303-305 folio 1826 of, blue verditer in, 114 in patinas
of higher acids, 298 core material, 369, 396ni8 banding in, 86-87,106-107,
as pigments, 306 -15 cornetite 178 ρ
properties of, 00 as corrosion product, 243 as conservation treatment, 91
4
2
copper silicates, 52-67. See also properties of, 240-41, 2421 copper crystal deposition in,
specific types stability of, 241, 242 f 85-86, 178p
in glasses, 255-56 thermodynamic data for, i36t environmental disruption
properties of, 252, 253 t Coronation of the Virgin (Reni), of, 87
synthetic, as pigments, 257- 66 copper substrate of, 317-I8 imitative, 91
copper sulfate(s), basic, 145-66. corrosion intentional, 88 - 91
See also specific types anatomy of, 11-I6 malachite formed from, 10 6
atmospheric, 154-59 classification of, 12 -13 modern artificial, 91
case studies on, 159 - 64 definitions of, 10, 322 natural, 85-88
as corrosion products, 145,147 history of exploitation of, I 6 - 3 2 prevalence of, 8 i
deposition in burial environ­ as interphase interfaces, 322 recipe for, 404
ments, 164 - 65 vs. patina, 10 removal of, 87-88
historical references to, 146 - 47 vs. substrate-media reactions, treatments for development
medicinal uses of, 147 3 2 1 m of, 90-91, 179 p
in microenvironments, 158-59 corrosion inhibitors, 72, 376 - 82 as pigment, 8 i
in outdoor environment, corrosion products Pourbaix diagrams for, 130 f, 135 f
49-50, 147 importance of identifying, 9 properties of, 82-85, 821,
in patinas, 4 9 - 5 0 as minerals, 79 177 p, 178 ρ
as pigments, 146, 165 - 66 corrosivity rainwater pH and, 149
properties of, i48t antlerite as indicator of, 150 recipe for, 404
solubility of, 150 assessment of, 58-59 relative molar volume of, 88
stability of, 150 of metal species, 58-59 in solution, 112
copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate, of outdoor environment, 58 stability of, 112
146 couperose, 166 thermodynamic data for, 1361
copper sulfides, 224-39. See also coupling agents, 389-90 cupro-ammonium salts, mixed, 143
specific types covellite cuprorivaite
chemistry of, 226 blaubleibender, 226 vs. Egyptian blue, 259
as corrosion products, 228 as corrosion product, 228,229,3 2 as pigment, 252
formation of, 227-35 as pigment, 96 properties of, 253 t
from atmospheric exposure, properties of, 226, 227t cuprous. See copper (I) compounds
232 thermodynamic data for, 1361 Cyprus, 3
crystal systems, 422t -231

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