Page 23 - PHLEBOTOMY STUDY GUIDE

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HEMOSTASIS

Hemostasis is the process by which blood vessels are repaired after injury. The
phlebotomist assist with hemostasis by applying pressure after the venipuncture.

There are 4 stages to hemostasis.
➢ Stage 1 Vascular phase
Injury to a blood vessel causes it to constrict slowing the flow of blood.

➢ Stage 2 – Platelet phase
Injury to the blood vessel causes platelets to adhere to it. Platelets are cells in the
blood responsible for coagulation.

➢ Stage 3 – Coagulation phase
This involves a cascade of interactions of coagulation factors that converts the
temporary platelet plug to a stable fibrin clot. Fibrin is a protein formed from
fibrinogen during the clotting of blood. Fibrinogen is also a protein found in the liquid
portion of blood called plasma.

➢ Stage 4 – Fibrinolysis
This is the breakdown and removal of the clot.

Assisting with hemostasis is crucial, it prevents hematomas also known as bruising.
Bruising after the procedure is the most common complication of phlebotomy. To
minimize bruising, and assist with hemostasis, simply apply pressure after the
phlebotomy procedure.

SPECIMEN ACCESSIONING AND PROCESSING:

This is the section of the laboratories where specimen are received, sorted, entered
into the Laboratory Information System, and processed. Some laboratories have
different levels of phlebotomists with additional duties other than obtaining blood
samples.

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