Page 61 - The Modul of Psycholinguistics Studies_2

previously could read loses their ability, it is known as alexia.
The difficulties are involuntary and people with this disorder

have a normal desire to learn.
Dyslexia is believed to be caused by both genetic and

environmental factors. Some cases run in families. It often occurs
in people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
and is associated with similar difficulties with numbers. It may

begin in adulthood as the result of a traumatic brain injury,
stroke, or dementia. The underlying mechanisms of dyslexia are
problems within the brain's language processing. Dyslexia is

diagnosed through a series of tests of memory, spelling, vision,
and reading skills. Dyslexia is separate from reading difficulties

caused by hearing or vision problems or by insufficient teaching.
e. Localism and Holism
The localist model is the particular model of looking at

the structure and function of language by relating specific
aspects of language to certain localized areas of the brain.

Although it is true that certain areas of the brain are involved in
language, it is also necessary to take into account holistic or
global brain phenomena in order to understand the effect on

language of broader psychological factors, such as attention
span, motivation, alertness, the rate at which auditory and visual

memory traces dissipate, etc. A holistic type of model does just
this.
f. Sign Language Aphasia

Sign Language aphasia is a people who have suffered
trauma such as a stroke (cerebral infarction) to the left

hemisphere will produce sign language equivalents of Broca‟s
aphasia or Wernicke‟s aphasia. Signers who have suffered
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