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CHAPTER X
LANGUAGE DISORDERS
A language disorder is impairment in receptive or
expressive language development, substantially below the child‟s
or young person‟s non-verbal cognitive abilities. Language
disorders interfere with academic and occupational achievement
and social interaction. The severity of the language disorder
cannot be accounted for by other conditions, such as intellectual
disability, hearing impairment, environmental or emotional
factors. Diagnosis of a language disorder is typically made by
formal standardised assessment carried out by an
interdisciplinary team of a speech pathologist and a psychologist.
Students with language disorder have difficulty in one or
more areas of language:
1. Semantics: aspect of language that deals with meaning,
concepts, vocabulary
2. Phonology: study of the sound system of a language
3. Morphology: the patterns of word formation in a
language; how adding or deleting parts of words changes
their meaning (e.g. plural s as in house/houses, past tense
–ed, as in jump/jumped)
4. Syntax: arrangement of words in a phrase or sentence to
indicate relationships of meaning
5. Pragmatics: social use, purpose and implied meaning of
oral language.
64 | Fatma Yuniarti, M.Pd., B.I
