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Refer  to  Table  1,  a  Wi-Fi  IoT  device  measures  the  total  Good Environmental Practices
            volume of flow from a single water faucet. In contrast, the  Mosques  can  play  a  pivotal  role  in  promoting  sound
            total number of individuals using the faucet is recorded and  environmental  practices  by  implementing  several  key
            counted by a camera. Due to facility constraints, the team was  strategies.  Firstly,  installing  water-efficient  fixtures,  such  as
            able to monitor water usage for the 5 days.          low-flow faucets, can significantly reduce water consumption
                                                                 during  ablution,  contributing  to  overall  water  conservation
                                                                 efforts.  Secondly,  raising  awareness  within  the  community
                                                                 is  essential;  this  can  be  achieved  through  educational
                                                                 workshops, informational materials, and strategically placed
                                                                 signage that highlights the importance of conserving water.
                                                                 Lastly,  implementing  rainwater  harvesting  systems  allows
                                                                 mosques to collect and store rainwater for ablution and other
                                                                 non-potable uses, thereby decreasing reliance on municipal
                                                                 water supplies. These practices not only help preserve vital
                                                                 resources  but  also  encourage  a  culture  of  environmental
            Table 1. Observation of Water volume and Human Traffic (Average   responsibility and stewardship within the community.
            Volume/day = 816.06 ℓ)
             Objectives                                          Eco-solution 1
             The project aims to reduce water wastage during ablution,   The team installed the prototype water-saving device in the
             promote  sustainable  water  usage  practices,  and  contribute  ablution  area  of  Masjid  Ahmad  Ibrahim  to  clean  the  face,
             to  environmental  conservation  efforts.  This  initiative  not  hands,  and  legs  before  entering  the  mosque  for  prayer,  as
             only aligns with religious practices but also fosters a sense of  shown in Figure 3. The device was installed in the mosque for
             responsibility towards preserving natural resources.  one week to monitor and control the volume of water used
                                                                 during this period. The number of people using the device was
             Environmental Aspects                               also tracked throughout the process.
             Water conservation in mosques can have a significant positive
             impact on the environment, given the frequent use of water
             for ablution and other activities. Implementing measures to
             save water not only aligns with environmental responsibility
             but  also  supports  broader  sustainability  goals,  such  as
             Singapore's Green Plan 2030. By installing devices that limit
             water usage during ablution to an optimal amount, mosques
             can  significantly  reduce  water  wastage.  Such  measures
             promote the efficient use of resources and raise awareness
             about  water  conservation  practices  within  the  community.
             Furthermore,  these  initiatives  can  be  implemented  with
             minimal disruption to existing water infrastructure, ensuring
             that  the  traditional  practices  of  worship  are  maintained
             while  fostering  a  culture  of  environmental  stewardship.
             Through scalable and cost-effective solutions, mosques can
             set  a  precedent  for  water  conservation  efforts  that  can  be
             replicated in similar public spaces, contributing to long-term
             sustainability and resource management.                   Figure 3. Prototype installed at the main wudhu area
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