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Coding & Assembly: Testing:
The team coded the microcontroller and assembled the The device was tested for one month, with data collected on
components, including soldering and integrating the water water usage before and after installation.
flow sensor and touchless faucet, as shown in Figure 5. User Feedback:
Feedback from mosque users was collected to assess the
device's usability and effectiveness.

Results on Water Savings
The team monitored and studied the recorded data, finding
that the average water usage per person during ablution
was approximately 6.276 litres per minute. After project
implementation, the water usage was reduced to 775ml
per person, achieving a significant reduction in water
consumption. The average water consumption per person is
5.21 litres (4080.3 ℓ /783 Humans). Estimation of water cost
(SGD) saving is about S$840/year per water faucet based on
the commercial water cost S$3.315/1000 (ℓ). There are a total
of 24 water faucets, and the utilisation rate is about 75%, so
about S$15,000/year saving in the water cost.

Figure 5. Assembled from the components

Table 3. Data on the water usage volume and the amount of water saved after the implementation of the
project

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