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GENERIC STEP-BY-STEP APPROACH STEP THREE

In order to reduce the cost involved in establishing additional physical infrastructure, optimum locations
are identified in the modelling to achieve the maximum possible population coverage with the least
number of additional facilities in different types and of settlements. The overall objective is to determine a
more equitable provisioning and distribution of service points within the study area by taking into account
the access needs of people and the capacity of departments to meet those needs.

Exact site locations for additional service points are not identified in accessibility analysis as final
decisions on suitable sites should take into account particular factors such as the service delivery
needs of communities, proximity to public transport, the availability of suitable land and basic services
infrastructure and the impact on the physical environment.

Image 2: Khambi Clinic (Google Maps)

It is important that spatial planning should contribute to aligned and coordinated planning and decision-
making regarding infrastructure investment and development in the country. In identifying areas and
places that should be prioritized for the establishment of service points, consideration should be given,
among others, to the following planning frameworks:

 Spatial planning priorities and particular places of importance that are provided in the National
Spatial Development Framework of Government. The Framework seeks to achieve greater long-
term alignment, collaboration and spatially coordinated investment in service infrastructure by both
Government and the private sector.

 Integrated Development Plans of Districts and Metropolitan Municipalities, as described in the
District Developement model of Government, that seek to align investment across the three spheres
in infrastructure for integrated human settlements, economic activity and the provision of basic
services.
Accessibility modelling approaches and tools

It is important to note that there are various optional approaches, methodologies and tools to conduct
geographic accessibility studies and to determine the optimum provisioning and location of service
points and investment in new service infrastructure. The various tools can be used on their own or in
different combinations to meet the needs of a specific situation. You should select the most appropriate
methodology and software package or combination of software that have spatial modelling capabilities,
taking into account the objectives, required deliverables and the specific context of your study.
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