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B Guessing meaning from context lrl;MMM~;• ---------------- - - -
4C p35
m Past Simple and Past Continuous 4A p31
• Sometimes you can guess the meaning of a word by:
• We use the Past Simple for:
a deciding which part of speech it is (noun, verb,
adjective, etc.). a a single completed action in the past. My boyfriend bought
tickets to see her play live. Then I moved to London.
b understanding the rest of the sentence and the
general meaning of the text. b a repeated action or habit in the past. I listened to her second
album all the time. I practised for hours every day.
c recognising a similar word in your language, or
another language you know. c a state in the past. My boyfriend wanted to sell it on eBay.
I loved dance music.
1 wandered (regular verb) walked around slowly:
Have you ever wandered around an art gallery? • We use the Past Continuous for:
2 well-known (adjective) famous: We looked at a an action in progress at a point of time in the past. Five years ago
paintings by we/I-known artists. I was living in New York. Twenty minutes later I was standing in
front of 1,000 people.
3 bizarre / br'za:/ (adjective) strange: Nothing is too
bizarre for this museum. b the background events of a story. All the fans were singing
• along. All the clubbers were dancing and having a good time.
4 highlight (noun) most interesting part: The highlight
of this museum is Imelda Marcos's massive shoe c an action in progress when another (shorter) action happened.
collection. While I was playing my last track, the manager came over and
congratulated me. While she was doing an encore, she threw her
5 appear (regular verb) seem: The sculptures appear
to be frozen in time. shoes into the crowd. Look at this diagram.
6 carriages /krend31z/ (noun) parts of a train that
was doing an encore
people travel in: There are 930 trains with over 1~
14,000 carriages. ~ ¥ x ·1
7 peckish (adjective) a bit hungry: Are you feeling a past start threw finish NOW future
bit peckish? encore shoes encore
8 set up (irregular phrasal verb) started (for a
business, company, museum, etc.): The museum TIPS• We can also use the Past Continuous when the longer action is
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was set up by a man called Hamburger Harry. interrupted: While we were having a picnic, it started to rain.
TIP • Be careful of words/phrases that are 'false friends' • We can use when or while with the Past Continuous: He phoned me
in your language. For example, sensible in Spanish when/while I was waiting for the train. We don't usually use while with
means sensitive and fast in German means almost. the Past Simple: V'lhile he phoned me, / v;as 'NDiting for a train.
• Past Simple
check out (regular phrasal verb) go to a place to see
what it is like: You should check out The Museum of • We usually make the Past Simple positive of regular verbs by adding
Bad Art. -ed or -d to the infinitive: work-+ worked, live-+ lived , etc. There are
•
massive (adjective) very big: Imelda Marcos's massive no rules for irregular verbs. There is an Irregular Verb List on p175.
shoe collection. I stayed at home and watched TV.
•
displayed (regular verb) organised in a way that they
can be seen by the public: 749 pairs are now displayed • We make the Past Simple negative with:
in the museum. subject + didn't (= did not) + infinitive
sculptures (noun) a piece of art made out of stone, He didn't go to work yesterday.
wood, metal or concrete: He placed about 300 life-size
concrete sculptures of real people on the sea bed. • We make Past Simple questions with:
• (question word)+ did + subject + infinitive
breathtaking (adjective) extremely exciting, beautiful
or surprising: The sight of brightly-coloured tropical What time did he call you?
fish swimming between the sculptures is absolutely
breathtaking. Past Continuous
•
miniature / mmrtJd/ (adjective) very small, particularly • We make the Past Continuous positive and negative with:
for something that Is usually much bigger: Why not take
him to visit the largest miniature railway museum in subject + was, were, wasn't or weren't + verb+ing
the world? I/He/She/ It was/wasn't working when you called.
track (noun) The long pieces of metal on the ground We/You/They were/weren't living in Australia in 2010.
that a train travels on: The museum has 13,000 metres
• We make Past Continuous questions with:
of track.
• (question word) + was or were + subject + verb+ing
impressive (adjective) admired and respected, often
because it's special, important, or very large: It's an Was I/he/she/it waiting for you?
impressive sight.
What were you/we/they doing at 2 p.m. yesterday?
