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Language Summary 6 DVD-ROM 6

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m make and do 6A p46 m Reflexive pronouns 68 p49

make do • We use reflexive pronouns (myself, yourself, etc.) when the subject and object
•
a decision the cleaning are the same people: It's important that they are allowed to enjoy themselves.
a mistake a course • We use by myself, by yourself, etc. to mean alone: This means children spend
•
money homework most of their free time studying by themselves.
friends nothing
. .
a noise exercise • We also use reflexive pronouns to emphasise that we do something instead
• of someone else doing it for us: We should also encourage children to work
dinner the washing-up
• things out themselves.
an excuse the shopping
• •
someone laugh/cry some work
• subject pronouns reflexive pronouns subject pronouns reflexive pronouns
up your mind the wa·shing •
• myself it itself
progress a degree
• • •
a cake • an exam you (singular) yourself we ourselves
•
an appointment the housework •
he himself you (plural) yourselves
a mess of something someone a favour • •
she herself they themselves
make an excuse give a reason to explain TIPS• Some verbs that are reflexive in other languages aren't reflexive in English,
why you did something wrong (often used in for example meet, relax and feel.
the plural): You need to stop making excuses
and be more resP,,onsible . • We can say on my own, on your own, etc. instead of by myself, by yourself, etc. :
• I enjoy living by myself/on my own. We don't say b;' my mvn.
make up your mind make a decision: I can't
make up my mind where to go on holiday. • Notice the difference between themselves and each other:
make progress get closer to achieving or
finishing something: We haven't finished yet,
but we're makinp good progress.
make an appointment arrange a time and
place to meet someone, particularly a doctor, www.english0905.com
dentist, etc.: I've made an appointment to
see the doctor.
make a mess of something (informal) do
something badly or make a lot of mistakes:
I made a mess of my exam. I only got 23%.
do the ho·usework do things like washing,
cleaning, etc. in order to keep the house clean
and tidy: I can't stand doing the housework.
do someone a favour do something to help Nicky and Alice are looking at Nicky and Alice are looking at
someone: Could you do me a favour and themselves. each other.
help me with my homework?
m Synonyms 6C p51

• We often use synonyms when we are speaking or writing so that we don't
repeat words.
concerned
choose pick -. worried
-- -·-t--
satisfied content - frightened scared
• •
lucky fortunate make a decision make up your m nd
i
-
•
behave act try to do have a go at doing
--
•
•
do the washing-up do the washing notice spot talk to someone chat to someone
• •
by chance accidentally nice pleasant
TIPS• We often use make for 'food' words: • -- •
make lunch, make dinner. make a cake, etc. attitude approach enormous huge
• We often use do for 'study' words: sure certain pleased glad
do homework, do a degree, do an exam, etc. de.al with cope with wonderful brllliant
•
• We usually use do for jobs connected to the show reveal terrible awful
house: do the cleaning, do the washing, etc.
TIP • Many synonyms in English have small differences in meaning or use.
• do the washing-up [UK] = do the dishes [US] For example, chat to someone is more informal than talk to someone .
•

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