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PART TWO: ACCESS TO INFORMATION FROM WRITTEN TEXTS (25 points) 5 What happened during Bina48’s classes at West Point University?

(תודוקנ 25) ארקנה תנבה :ינש קרפ
a The students didn’t listen to the robot.
Read the article below and then answer questions 6-11. b The students made jokes about the robot.

.6-11 תולאש לע הנעו רמאמה תא ארק c The robot had the attention of everyone in the class.

6 According to the last answer, robots like Bina48 (-)
HOW SCIENCE IS TRYING TO HELP US EAT BETTER
8
a are too fast for classes.
I Americans have been eating a lot more salt in the last 30 years. According to an article in
The Atlantic magazine, food companies are partly responsible for this increase. b may sometimes replace teachers.
c will be helpful for sick people.
II In 2007, the Campbell Soup Company tried to make a change. It started using less salt in
its soups to make them healthier. However, the public wasn’t happy with this change. By July

5 2011, sales had decreased so much that the company had to put the salt back into its soups.
Part Four
III So how can companies make their products healthier without losing customers? Some
researchers think the answer might be in changing the way food smells. Smells can improve
the way food tastes to us. That is why researchers are developing ‘phantom aromas.’ These are Language Exercise
aromas that make us think we are tasting flavors that are not really there. For example, in one
10 2012 study, the aroma of beef was added to a salt-free soup. Over 60% of the participants who Circle the correct answer.
tasted the soup believed there was salt in it. Culture Shock

IV “Using phantom aromas won’t make it possible for food companies to remove all of the

salt from their food, but it’s a good start,” says Robert Sobel, the scientist who invented the When you leave familiar surroundings and enter a new culture, you might feel “culture
1.
term ‘phantom aroma.’ Sobel has been researching phantom aromas for the last five years and shock.” Many people ( have been felt / had felt / have felt) culture shock at one time
2.
15 has already succeeded in removing 10% of the salt in food like potato chips and soups. Some or another in their lives. When this happens, you feel overwhelmed by ( something /
everything / anything) around you, and you can’t function well. New immigrants to Israel,
researchers believe that by using other techniques together with phantom aromas, they could 3.
decrease the use of salt by more than 35%. ( for example / however / nevertheless), often suffer from culture shock. It takes them
time to ( be used to / get used to / used to) a different culture and way of life.
4.
V However, food expert Michael White claims that adding artificial smells does not solve
the problem at all. He believes that phantom aromas just add to a larger problem. American You might feel culture shock when visiting a more modern country, such as the USA or

20 food already has huge amounts of artificial ingredients in it. Japan, or when visiting a very ( 5. difference / different / differently) culture like those
in China and some remote islands in the Pacific. Culture shock can ( 6. experience /
be experienced / is experienced) for a few months, until a person ( 7. becomes /
will become / is becoming) accustomed to the new surroundings.

Another similar type of emotion is called “future shock.” This is when you don’t feel you
belong in today’s society; it’s as if you’re in the past, and you feel ( 8. uncomfortable /
unusual / inconvenient) with this. A good example of this is the feeling of ( loneliness /
9.
consciousness / helplessness) felt particularly by elderly people when faced ( 10. to / with /
of) a computer or new electrical appliance.

No two minds are alike, just as no two faces are alike.

Berachot 58a.

128 © No part of this book may be photocopied in any form or by any means. © No part of this book may be photocopied in any form or by any means. 113