Page 46 - Adhunik Krishi Khamar Issue 37

K…wl cÖwZ‡e`b

AwK©‡Wi BwZnvmt 1. wmg‡cvwWqvj (Sympodial)
Dw™¢`weÁv‡bi RbK w_Id«v÷vm G Dw™¢‡`i bvgKiY K‡ib AwK©W| cÖwZ eQi Pseudobulb n‡Z A_ev Kv‡Ði †Mvov n‡Z kvLv †ei nq
AwK©W kãwU MÖxK kã ÔAwK©mÕ ‡_‡K ‡bIqv| hvi A_© AЇKvl| Ges kvLvi AMÖfvM †_‡K dzj Drcvw`Z nq| †hgb- †d‡jbcwmm,
BD‡ivcxq A‡bK ¯’jR AwK©‡Wi ‡Mvovq AЇKvl m`„k `yÕwU MVb ‡`Lv K¨v‡Uwjqv, †Wb‡W«vweqvg, AbwmwWqvg, wmg‡cvwWqvg DwjøwLZ
hvq e‡jB nq‡Zv Ggb bvgKiY| eZ©gv‡b AwK©‡Wi IB `yÕwU we‡kl cÖRvwZ|
MVb‡K wUDevi ejv nq| ZrKvjxb mgv‡R AwK©‡Wi g~j As‡ki 2. g‡bvcwWqvj (Monopodial)
wUDevi wb‡q A‡bK åvšÍ aviYv we`¨gvb wQj| A‡b‡KB wek¦vm GKwU j¤^v KvÐ _v‡K hv cÖwZ eQi cÖwZ FZy‡Z ea©bkxj Ask †_‡K
Ki‡Zb, cyiæ‡li AЇKvl m`„k nIqvq G¸‡jv‡Z cyiælZ¡ ea©K I cvZv Ges cÎv¶ †_‡K dyj Drcv`‡bi gva¨‡g j¤^vq evo‡Z _v‡K|
DÏxcK RvZxq wKQy Dc`vb i‡q‡Q| ZvB cyiælZ¡ ea©K wn‡m‡e IB †hgb- f¨vÛv, GwiwWm, wib‡Kv÷vBwjm BZ¨vw`|
mgv‡R AwK©‡Wi Pvwn`vI wQj Lye ‡ewk| Avevi A‡b‡K wek¦vm Rjevqy I gvwUt
Ki‡Zb, ‡cÖg I ‡mŠ›`‡h©i ‡`ex Ô‡fbvmÕ AwK©‡Wi IB we‡kl MV‡bi mvaviYZ Dò I Av`ª© AvenvIqv AwK©W Pv‡li Rb¨ DËg| cÖRvwZ
cÖwZ LyeB Avm³ wQ‡jb| G¸‡jv ‡`ex‡K Kv‡gvÏxß K‡i| ZvB hviv †f‡` 10-30 wWwMÖ. †m. ZvcgvÎvq AwK©W fv‡jv R‡b¥| Av‡av
IB wUDevi‡K fvj‡e‡m f¶Y K‡ib, ‡`ex Zyó n‡q Zv‡`i cyÎ mšÍvb Av‡jvQvqv Giƒc ¯’vb dyj Pv‡li Rb¨ wbe©vPb Kiv DwPZ| Terrestrial
w`‡q _v‡Kb| ZvB A‡b‡KB cyÎ mšÍvb jv‡fi evmbvq AwK©‡Wi wUDevi ev cvw_©e ‡kÖYxi Rb¨ †`v-Avuk gvwU e¨envi Kiv DwPZ| G Qvov
‡L‡Zb| Dchy³ evqy PjvPj Ges cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi e¨e¯’v _vKv Avek¨K|
eskwe¯Ívit
‡hŠb I A‡hŠb Dfq c×wZ‡ZB AwK©‡Wi eskwe¯Ívi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
†hŠb c×wZ‡Z eskwe¯Ívi Kómva¨ e‡j A‡hŠb Dcv‡qB mPivPi Gi
eskwe¯Ívi Kiv n‡q _v‡K| mvaviYZ Ad‡mU, wWwfkb, †KBwKm Ges
KvwUs‡qi gva¨‡g AsMR esk we¯Ívi Kiv n‡q _v‡K| †Wb‡W«vweqvg
Ges GwcÖ‡WbW«vg †kÖYxi AwK©‡W †KBwK‡mi gva¨‡g ev Ad‡mU
Avjv`v K‡i †QvU c‡U jvwM‡q Pviv ‰Zwi Kiv hvq| mvaviYZ †deªæqvwi
gv‡m hLb Mv‡Qi e„w× bZyb K‡i ïiæ nq ZLbB A½R eskwe¯Ívi
Dchy³ mgq| GQvov wUm¨y KvjPv‡ii gva¨‡g mdjZvi m‡½
†Wb‡W«vweqvg, wmgwewWqvg, †d‡jbcwmm I K¨v‡Uwjqvi AmsL¨ Pviv
Drcv`b Kiv hvq| msKivq‡bi gva¨‡g exR Drcv`b A_ev Pvivi
ea©bkxj A½ ev †bvW n‡Z Pviv Drcv`b cÖwZwU †¶‡ÎB wUm¨yKvjPvi
AwaKvsk AwK©W eûel©Rxex nve© ev weiær RvZxq Dw™¢`| A½R MV‡b j¨ve‡iUwii gva¨‡g GwM‡q †h‡Z nq| Drcvw`Z Pviv¸‡jvi g~j
e¨vcK wewfbœZv _vK‡jI dz‡ji MV‡bi mvgÄm¨Zv Gme Dw™¢`‡K MRv‡bvi ci j¨ve n‡Z †ei K‡i ¯^ív‡jvK I AwaK Av`ªZvq
GKB cwievify³ K‡i‡Q| AwK©‡Wi wKQy we‡klvwqZ ‰ewkó¨ i‡q‡Q Pviv¸‡jv‡K cÖvq `yÕmßvn †i‡L mnbkxj Ki‡Z nq| cieZ©x‡Z cÖvq 6
‡hgb-Giv ‡Uwiw÷«qvj, BwcdvBU, m¨v‡cÖvdvBU ev K¬vBgevi n‡q gvm Ô_v¤^ c‡UÕ bvwi‡K‡ji †Qveovi g‡a¨ †i‡L cwiPh©vi gva¨‡g GKwU
_v‡K| G‡`i g~j ‡d¬wk ev ivB‡Rv‡gUvm| g~‡j f¨vjv‡gb wUmy¨ _v‡K| ch©v‡q wb‡q †h‡Z nq| Ô_v¤^ c‡UÕ Pviv¸‡jv 4-6 Bw eo Ges cÖPyi
G wUm¨yi mvnv‡h¨ evZvm ‡_‡K G Dw™¢` cvwb ‡kvlY K‡i ‡eu‡P _v‡K| wkKo mg„× n‡q KwgDwbwU c‡U cÖ‡qvRbgvwdK bvwi‡K‡ji †Qveov
dy‡ji Dcivsk wb‡Pi w`‡K n‡q _v‡K| Gi dy‡j wZbwU e„wZ I wZbwU (Hask) A_ev KvVKqjv w`‡q ¯’vbvšÍi Ki‡Z nq|
cvcwo _v‡K| GKwU cvcwo eo I wewfbœ AvK…wZi n‡q _v‡K| eY© I Pvl c×wZt
‰ewP‡Î¨ dzj¸‡jv LyeB AvKl©Yxq nq| cvw_©e ev Terrestrial AwK©W
AwK©‡Wi †kÖYx I RvZt Ue, Mvgjv ev SyjšÍ ev‡¯‹‡U Pvl Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| G¸‡jvi †h †Kv‡bv
K) Pvl c×wZi Ici wfwË K‡i AwK©W cÖavbZ 2 cÖKvi| GKwUi †fZ‡ii Zj‡`‡k Kqjv, †Lvqv A_ev Svgvi UyKiv ¯’vcb
1. cvw_©e ev Terrestrial Ki‡Z nq Ges Gi Dc‡i bvwi‡K‡ji †Qveovi UyKiv Qwo‡q w`‡Z nq|
2. civkÖqx ev Epiphytic Gici cÖ‡qvRbg‡Zv cvwb †mP w`‡Z nq| AwZwi³ cvwb cÖ‡qvM me
1. cvw_©e (Terrestrial) t mgq cwinvi Kiv evÃbxq|
‡hme AwK©W Ab¨vb¨ dy‡ji g‡Zv gvwU‡Z Rb¥vq Ges †mLvb †_‡K civkÖqx ev Epiphytic AwK©W
Lv`¨ I im msMÖn K‡i, Zv‡`i cvw_©e AwK©W e‡j| G‡`i myZvi g‡Zv we‡kl ai‡bi Ue Kv‡Vi ev gvwUi U‡e cv‡k I wb‡P eo eo wQ`ªmn
miæ ¸”Q g~j _v‡K| †hgb- dvqvm, wmgwewWqvg, †jwW w¯øcvi BZvvw`| A_ev evu‡ki Sywo‡Z Pvl Kiv hvq| giv Kv‡Vi Ici Rb¥v‡bvi †¶‡Î
2. civkÖqx (Epiphytict) Avg, Rviæj ev KoB Mv‡Q iwk w`‡q m‡½ bvwi‡K‡ji †Qveovmn †eu‡a
‡hme AwK©W Ab¨ †Kvb Mv‡Qi kvLv ev Kv‡Ði Dci AvwkÖZ n‡q R‡b¥ †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i|
Zv‡`i civkÖqx AwK©W e‡j| G‡`i j¤^v, †gvUv I cyiæ g~j _v‡K, evZvm weQvbv ev gvPv c×wZt
†_‡K Lv`¨ MÖnY K‡i| †hgb †Wb‡W«vweqvg, f¨vÛv, GwiwWm BZvvw`| µgcÖmvigvb AvšÍR©vwZK evRvig~‡j¨ cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq wU‡K _vKvi Rb¨
L) e„w×i ai‡bi Growth habit Gi Ici wfwË K‡i AwK©W Avevi A_ev KvU d¬vIqv‡ii Drcv`b LiP Kgv‡bvi j‡¶¨ KwgDwbwU c‡Ui
2 cÖKvi cwie‡Z© weQvbv c×wZ‡Z †Wb‡W«vweqvg cÖRvwZi Pvl GLb evsjv‡`k
1. wmg‡cvwWqvj (Sympodial) DrmvwnZ n‡”Q| GB c×wZ‡Z gvwU †_‡K 60 †mwg. DuPy‡Z 1 wg. PIov
2. ‡bvcwWqvj (Monopodial) I cÖ‡qvRbgvwdK j¤^vq KvV, evuk A_ev Ab¨ †Kvb Dcv`vb w`‡q gvPv
46 ‰Zwi Kiv nq| IB gvPvq bvwi‡K‡ji †Qveov ¯’vcbc~e©K 4wU mvwi‡Z