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ASPETTI NORMATIVI REGULATORY ISSUES
Il trattamento Water treatment

dell’ acqua

COME DEVE ESSERE L’ACQUA DEL NOSTRO IMPIANTO
DI RISCALDAMENTO Rif. Norma UNI CTI 8065/89
HEATING SYSTEM WATER: ITS NECESSARY CHARACTERISTICS
ref: Standard UNI CTI 8065/89

KIT C Acqua di riempimento e di rabbocco
TRATTAMENTI Filling and make-up water
Universali Impiani Nuovi e Usai
Alta e Bassa Temperatura Aspeto Appearance limpido / clear
Durezza totale Total hardness minore di 15 °f / <15 °f
Acqua di caldaia o in circuito
Boiler or circuit water
Aspeto Appearance Possibilmente limpida / clear, if possible
pH Maggiore di 7 (con radiatori di alluminio o leghe
The most common terms leggere il pH deve essere anche minore di 8)
of the system's water
• APPEARANCE that the ani-corrosion protecion of the water pH > 7 (< 8 in case of aluminium or light alloy radiators)
Depends on the presence in water of sedimen- circuit is insuicient. Condizionani Preseni entro le concentrazioni prescrite dal fornitore
ts, suspended and colloidal paricles as well as • MAGNETITE Condiioning components Present, within the range required by the supplier
dissolved substances that have detectable cha- Iron, if not protected, tends to oxidize in various
racterisics: turbidity, colouring, foam formaion forms including Magneite, an oxide usually pro- Ferro (come Fe) Iron (Fe) < 0,5 mg/kg (valori più elevai di ferro sono do-
or magneic metal deposits. tecive and magneic, strongly bonded to iron
• BACTERIAL LOAD surface. Due to changes in temperature and high vui a fenomeni corrosivi da eliminare)
Expresses the total number of bacteria per unit temperatures, magneite decomposes to ferrous
of volume. Can be esimated by couning the Co- oxide powder in nature that oten clogs the heat < 0.5mg/kg (higher values of iron are due to corrosion,
lony Forming Units present on the Petri dish (la- exchangers and pump bodies. which must be removed)
boratory) where was culivated a known volume • MOLYBDENUM
of the liquid to be tested. Chemical element acing as basic acive ingre- Rame (come Cu) Copper (Cu) < 0,1 mg/kg (valori più elevai di rame sono
• CHEMICAL CONDITIONING dient of the main chemical pre-condiioning dovui a fenomeni corrosivi da eliminare)
The chemical condiioning treatment means that agents in addiives for heaing systems.
a chemical product is used to prevent the forma- • pH < 0.1mg/kg (higher values of copper are due to corrosion, which
ion of chemical corrosion, which are ampliied Expresses the degree of acidity or basicity (alka- must be removed)
by the increase of temperatures within the sy- linity) of a soluion, according to a scale ranging
stems. Various chemicals are used depending on from 0 to 14. The pH is one of the basic parame-
the formulaions in heaing and cooling circuits ters for evaluaing the corrosivity of water. It is
and also in domesic hot water producion cir- also a very important factor in the development TRATTAMENTI DELL’ACQUA NEGLI IMPIANTI
cuits. They also prevent the adherence of carbo- and extent of phenomena such as fouling, corro-
nates in order to protect against oxidaion and sion and microbiological growth. TERMICI USO CIVILE - DM 192 del 6 marzo 2009/DPR 59 del 2 aprile 2009
corrosion, forming a protecive molecular ilm • POLYPHOSPHATES
on metal walls of thermal plants and eliminaing Polyphosphates are also chemical condiioning HEATING SYSTEM WATER: ITS NECESSARY CHARACTERISTICS - ref: Standard UNI CTI 8065/89
the frequent gaseous and thermal stresses due agents used in the producion of domesic hot
to contact with diferent metals. water, and combine with the hardness (without Impianto Potenza Durezza acqua Obblighi
• DENSITY changing the value of water) and prevent the
Is deined by the raio between the mass of a precipitaion thus avoiding fouling, which lead Plant Power Water hardness Obligaions
body and the volume occupied by the same. The to loss of eiciency of heaing systems and high
unit of measurement in the internaional system energy consumpion. They also explain the pro- Riscaldamento ≥ 350 kW ≤ 15 °f Filtro + ilmante
is Kg/m ³. tecive funcion on pipes with an efecive ani- Heaing Filter + ilming agent
• HARDNESS corrosion acion.
Expresses the sum of calcium and magnesium • ALKALINE RESERVE ≥ 15 °f Filtro + addolcitore +
salts that are dissolved in it. Is expressed in ppm Expresses the amount of salts with alkaline pro-
or mg/l OF CaCO3 or in French degrees (1° f = peries dissolved in water. It could be deined ilmante/ Filter + sotener
10 ppm or mg/l of CaCO3). The hardness leads simply as the opposite of acidity. Actually, it is + ilming agent
to deposit formaion within circuits that are not the water capacity to “resist” changes induced
subjected to treatment. by external factors of its own pH. The unit of Riscaldamento ≤ 100 kW ≥ 25 °f Condizionante chimico
• EC measurement is expressed in ppm (parts per
The electrical conducivity is the ability of a ma- million). In the case of Anifreeze, an insuicient Heaing (ilmante)/Chemical
terial to enable passage of electrical current. Is Alkaline Reserve indicates a poor protecion
deined as the reverse value of residual current against corrosion. condiioner (ilming)

and its unit of measurement is Siemens per me- • TDS ≥ 100 ≤
ter (S/m). Total Dissolved Solids or Fixed Residue is a para- ≥ 25 °f Addolcitore + ilmante/
• SYSTEM AGE meter used to classify mineral waters and drin- 350 kW
king water in general. Expressed in mg/l, it indi- Sotener + ilming agent
cates the amount of solid substances, perfectly
dried, that remains ater evaporaion by heaing Sanitario ≤ 100 kW ≥ 15 °f Condizionante chimico uso
in a capsule of plainum, calibrated beforehand, Sanitary alimentare (polifosfai)/
a known quanity of iltered water.
• FREEZING TEMPERATURE Food use chemical
Expresses the temperature to which a soluion condiioner (polyphosphates)
• IRON can be subjected, before crystallizaion and con- ≥ 100 ≤
sequent solidiicaion.
The iron in the circuit can give rise to deposits • CST TESTER ≥ 15 °f Addolcitore/Sotener
and/or secondary corrosion. The iron dissolved Portable digital instrument for measuring Tempe- 350 kW
in water originates from corrosion and shows rature, Electrical Conducivity and Fixed Residue.